Kajian Produksi Garam Asam Organik dari Silase Ransum Komplit sebagai Pemacu Pertumbuhan pada Ayam Broiler yang Ditantang Salmonella typhimurium

Abstract

Penggunaan antibiotik sebagai feed aditif telah lama digunakan dalam pakan unggas untuk menstabilkan keadaan mikroba di dalam saluran pencemaan dan meningkatkan perfonnan temak. Akan tetapi penggunaan antibiotik secara intensif dalam jangka waktu lama dapat menyebabkan timbulnya bakteri patogen yang resisten terhadap obat dan residu pada produk temak (Griggs dan Jacob 2005; Ray et al. 2006). Salah satu altematif yang dapat digunakan untuk mengganti fungsi antibiotik sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan adalah asam organik (Revington 2002).

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of organic acid salt from three types of complete feed silage based on corn (SRKJ), palm (SRKS) and cassava (SRKU) by products as an alternative to subtitute antibiotic function as a growth promoter for broiler. Experiment one was designed to determine the bactericidal activity of organic acid salts on Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli isolated from chicken growth (106 CFU/ml) at dose of 12.5%, 25%, and 50% by agar well diffusion method. In the experiment two, ninety day old commercial Cobb broiler chickens were randomly distributed into six groups having three replicates of five birds in each group. Negative control (RO) birds were offered standard basal diet and no challenged, positive control (Rl) birds were offered standard basal diet and challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. Treatment R2, R3, R4 and R5 were challenged by 107 CFU of Salmonella typhimurium which added in feed with 0.1 % flouroquinolone, 0.1 %, 0.2%, and 0.3% of organic acid salts. Organic acid salts Ca-J (CaOH+SRKJ effluent), Zn-J (ZnO+SRKJ effluent), Zn-S (ZnO+SRKS effluent) and Zn-U (ZnO+SRKU effluent) had antibacterial activity on Salmonella typhimurium and organic acid salt Na-J (NaOH+SRKJ), Ca-J, Zn-J, Na-S (NaOH+SRKS), Zn-S and Zn-U had antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli isolated from chicken (p<0.05). Organic acid salt Zn-J from complete feed corn silage showed the strongest bactelicidal effect on Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli isolated from chicken. Organic acid salts supplementation did not affect feed conversion, number Salmonella typhimurium, pH in caecum, and histophatology parameter. Dietary of 0.2% organic acid salt significantly increased (p<0.05) feed intake, body weight gain, final body weight and decreased inflammation reaction in broiler gnt that indicated with declined inflammation cell (P<0.05) and oedema persentation of chicken that infected Salmonella typhimurium better than antibiotic treatment. The result indicated that organic acid salt could not inhibited Salmonella typhimurium in broil er gnt.