Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas) pada Transportasi Sistem Tertutup Ikan Komet (Carassius auratus)

Abstract

Ikan komet (Carassius auratus) merupakan komoditas ikan hias unggulan Indonesia yang permintaan ekspornya terus meningkat, namun proses transportasi kerap menimbulkan stres dan mortalitas tinggi akibat penurunan kualitas air pada sistem tertutup. Penggunaan bahan anestesi kimia seperti MS-222 telah dilarang, sehingga diperlukan alternatif anestesi alami seperti ekstrak daun ubi jalar yang mengandung saponin, polifenol, flavonoid, dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas pemberian dosis ekstrak daun ubi jalar pada transportasi sistem tertutup terhadap kualitas air dan tingkat stres ikan komet. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan (TP: 0 mL L?¹, UJ 2: 2 mL L?¹, UJ 4: 4 mL L?¹, UJ 6: 6 mL L?¹) dan tiga ulangan, meliputi simulasi transportasi selama 48 jam dan pemeliharaan pascatransportasi selama 14 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tingkat kelangsungan hidup, kualitas air (suhu, pH, DO, CO2, TAN, nitrit, NH3), kadar glukosa darah, dan laju pertumbuhan spesifiTPpanjang. Hasil menunjukkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tertinggi selama transportasi (100%) dan pemeliharaan (87,5%) diperoleh pada perlakuan UJ 2, disertai kualitas air yang lebih stabil, kadar glukosa darah terendah, serta laju pertumbuhan spesifik panjang tertinggi (1,95% hari?¹). Perlakuan UJ 2 dengan dosis 2 mL L?¹ merupakan dosis optimum ekstrak daun ubi jalar untuk transportasi sistem tertutup ikan komet.

Comet goldfish (Carassius auratus) is one of Indonesia's leading ornamental fish commodities with continuously increasing export demand, yet the transportation process frequently induces stress and high mortality due to declining water quality in closed systems. The use of chemical anesthetics such as MS-222 has been prohibited, creating a need for natural anesthetic alternatives such as sweet potato leaf extract, which contains saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of different doses of sweet potato leaf extract during closed system transportation on water quality and stress levels of comet goldfish. The study used a completely randomized design with four treatments (TP: 0 mL L?¹, UJ 2: 2 mL L?¹, UJ 4: 4 mL L?¹, UJ 6: 6 mL L?¹) and three replications, comprising a 48-hour transportation simulation and a 14-day post-transportation rearing period. The parameters observed included survival rate, water quality (temperature, pH, DO, CO2, TAN, NO2-, NH3), blood glucose level, and specific length growth rate. The results showed that the highest survival rates during transportation (100%) and rearing (87.5%) were obtained in treatment UJ 2, accompanied by more stable water quality, the lowest blood glucose level, and the highest specific length growth rate (1.95% days-¹). A dose of 2 mL L?¹was determined to be the optimum dose of sweet potato leaf extract for closed system transportation of comet goldfish.