Kerentanan dan Resiliensi Rumah Tangga Pulau Kecil (Kasus: Desa Minasa Baji, Kecamatan Kepulauan Tanakeke, Kabupaten Takalar, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan)

Abstract

Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan memiliki banyak pulau, tetapi pulau-pulau kecil menghadapi keterbatasan sumber daya dan layanan dasar, termasuk dalam pemenuhan air dan pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tingkat kerentanan dan resiliensi rumah tangga pada variabel pangan, air, energi, lahan rumah, dan sampah serta menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat kerentanan dan tingkat resiliensi di Desa Minasa Baji, Kecamatan Kepulauan Tanakeke. Penelitian menggunakan mixed method dengan desain sequential explanatory. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui survei terhadap 82 rumah tangga yang dipilih menggunakan stratified random sampling berdasarkan dusun, sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, studi literatur, observasi partisipatoris, live in, dan dokumentasi. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan korelasi rank spearman, sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerentanan pangan dan air cenderung berada pada kategori tinggi, sedangkan energi, lahan rumah, dan sampah lebih banyak berada pada kategori sedang. Resiliensi pangan dan air secara umum berada pada kategori sedang, energi sedang hingga tinggi, lahan rumah didominasi kategori sedang, sedangkan sampah berada pada kategori rendah. Terdapat hubungan negatif dan signifikan antara tingkat kerentanan dan tingkat resiliensi rumah tangga dengan kekuatan hubungan kuat (ρ = −0,587; p-value <0,001). Temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya penguatan strategi pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar dan pengelolaan sampah sesuai kondisi wilayah.

As an archipelagic country, Indonesia comprises many islands, but small islands face limitations in resources and basic services, including water provision and waste management. This study aimed to identify household vulnerability and resilience levels across the variables of food, water, energy, housing land, and waste and to analyze the relationship between vulnerability and resilience levels in Minasa Baji Village, Tanakeke Islands District. The study employed a mixed method approach with a sequential explanatory design. Quantitative data were collected through a survey of 82 households selected using stratified random sampling based on hamlets, while qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews, literature review, participatory observation, live-in, and documentation. Quantitative data were analyzed using Spearman’s Rank correlation, whereas qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The results showed that food and water vulnerability tended to be categorized as high, while energy, housing land, and waste vulnerability were predominantly moderate. Food and water resilience were generally moderate, energy resilience ranged from moderate to high, housing land resilience was predominantly moderate, while waste resilience was low among all households. A significant negative relationship was found between household vulnerability and resilience levels, with a strong correlation (ρ = −0.587; p-value <0.001). These findings highlight the need to strengthen basic needs fulfillment strategies and waste management according to local conditions.