Uji Performansi Mesin Pengering Tipe Rotary Dryer untuk Pengeringan Maggot Black Soldier Fly

Abstract

Maggot Black Soldier Fly (BSF) memiliki kadar air tinggi sehingga memerlukan proses pengeringan untuk meningkatkan daya simpan dan mutu produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi performansi mesin indirect heated batch rotary dryer dan menentukan kondisi operasi terbaik berdasarkan mutu produk dan biaya produksi. Penelitian menggunakan variasi kecepatan putar silinder 10, 15, dan 20 RPM serta waktu pengeringan 30, 45, dan 60 menit dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air, massa produk hasil pengeringan, dan harga pokok produksi (HPP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kapasitas operasional aktual mesin sebesar 4 kg per batch, lebih rendah dibandingkan kapasitas teoritis 22,81 kg akibat keterbatasan torsi motor listrik 200 W dan meningkatnya gaya gesek bahan selama proses pengeringan. Kondisi operasi terbaik diperoleh pada kecepatan putar 10 RPM dan waktu pengeringan 60 menit, menghasilkan kadar air akhir 9,08% yang memenuhi SNI 01-2715-1996, dengan HPP sebesar Rp26.316/kg, dan titik impas produksi sebesar 263 kg/tahun. Peningkatan daya motor listrik direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas operasional mesin sehingga mendekati kapasitas teoritis.

Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggots have a high moisture content, requiring a drying process to improve their shelf life and product quality. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of an indirect heated batch rotary dryer and determine the best operating conditions based on product quality and production cost. The study used variations in cylinder rotational speed of 10, 15, and 20 RPM and drying times of 30, 45, and 60 minutes, with three replications. The observed parameters included moisture content, dried product mass, and production cost (HPP). The results showed that the actual operating capacity of the machine was 4 kg per batch, which was lower than the theoretical capacity of 22.81 kg due to the limited torque of the 200 W electric motor and increased frictional forces of the material during the drying process. The best operating condition was obtained at a cylinder rotational speed of 10 RPM and a drying time of 60 minutes, resulting in a final moisture content of 9.08%, which met SNI 01-2715-1996, with a production cost of IDR 26,316/kg and a break-even point of 263 kg/year. Increasing the electric motor power is recommended to increase the operating capacity of the machine and bring it closer to its theoretical capacity.