Determinan Keikutsertaan Pelatihan dan Dampaknya terhadap Kinerja Finansial UMK Sektor Pangan di Indonesia

Abstract

Usaha mikro dan kecil (UMK) sektor pangan berperan strategis dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Beragam pelatihan bagi UMK tersedia, namun partisipasi pelaku usaha dalam pelatihan masih sangat rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keikutsertaan pelaku usaha dalam pelatihan serta dampaknya terhadap kinerja finansial UMK sektor pangan di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan data Survei Industri Mikro dan Kecil (IMK) 2023 dengan metode regresi logistik biner dan Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemitraan, penggunaan e-commerce, jenjang pendidikan, dan klasifikasi usaha berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan mengikuti pelatihan. Jenis kelamin berpengaruh pada UMK sektor pangan secara keseluruhan dan industri makanan, tetapi tidak pada industri minuman. Pelatihan belum terdapat bukti statistik memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap penerimaan, biaya, dan keuntungan usaha. Namun, pada UMK industri minuman, pelatihan berpengaruh positif signifikan secara statistik terhadap biaya yang dikeluarkan.

Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in the food sector play an important role in Indonesia's economy. Although various training programs are available, participation among business owners remains low. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting participation in training programs and their impact on the financial performance of food-sector MSEs in Indonesia. The study uses data from the 2023 Micro and Small Industry (IMK) Survey and applies binary logistic regression and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). The results show that business partnerships, e-commerce adoption, educational attainment, and business classification significantly affect training participation. Gender is significant for food-sector MSEs overall and the food manufacturing industry, but not for the beverage industry. Training has no statistically significant impact on business revenue, costs, or profits. However, among beverage industry MSEs, training has a positive and statistically significant effect on business costs. These findings indicate that increasing participation is essential to improve the effectiveness of training programs for food-sector MSEs