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      Kajian Teknologi Pembekuan Cepat Untuk Mempertahankan Mutu Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.)

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Putra, Rizki Junawan
      Rokhani
      Yuliasih, Indah
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      Abstract
      Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) merupakan buah klimakterik berkadar air tinggi yang mudah mengalami penurunan mutu setelah panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh bentuk bahan dan metode pembekuan serta menentukan perlakuan terbaik dalam mempertahankan mutu alpukat beku. Penelitian menggunakan alpukat Miki dari Kebun Alpukat Miki Fresh, Kabupaten Bogor. Daging buah diolah menjadi bentuk pasta dan dadu, dikemas dalam plastik LDPE (±80 g), kemudian dibekukan menggunakan air blast freezer (ABF) bersuhu -40 °C atau chest freezer (CF) bersuhu -18 °C. Sampel diamati pada hari ke-5 (H5) dan hari ke-10 (H10). Parameter yang diamati meliputi laju penurunan suhu, Chroma, Hue angle, pH, total padatan terlarut (TPT), kadar air, dan uji organoleptik. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam, uji Duncan, uji Friedman, dan metode De Garmo. Pada H10, bentuk bahan berpengaruh nyata terhadap Hue angle, pH, dan TPT, sedangkan interaksi kedua faktor berpengaruh nyata terhadap Chroma, pH, dan TPT; kadar air tidak berbeda nyata. ABF menghasilkan laju penurunan suhu tercepat. Uji Friedman menunjukkan hanya penerimaan keseluruhan berbeda nyata (p = 0,032). Berdasarkan metode De Garmo, perlakuan dadu-ABF merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan nilai efektivitas 0,617 dan mampu mempertahankan mutu alpukat beku mendekati kondisi segar.
       
      Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a climacteric fruit with high moisture content and rapid quality deterioration. This study evaluated the effects of material form and freezing method and determined the best treatment for maintaining avocado quality. Miki avocado obtained from Miki Fresh Avocado Farm, was processed into paste and diced forms, packed in LDPE plastic (approximately 80 g), and frozen using an air blast freezer (ABF) at -40 °C or a chest freezer (CF) at -18 °C. Samples were evaluated on day 5 (H5) and day 10 (H10). Parameters included cooling rate, Chroma, Hue angle, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), moisture content, and organoleptic evaluation. The experiment used a two-factor completely randomized design with three replications. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, Duncan’s, Friedman’s, and De Garmo methods. At H10, material form significantly affected Hue angle, pH, and TSS, while factor interaction significantly affected Chroma, pH, and TSS; moisture content was not significantly different. ABF produced the fastest cooling rate. Friedman’s test showed only acceptance differed significantly (p = 0.032). Based on the De Garmo method, diced avocado frozen using ABF was the best treatment, with an effectiveness value of 0.617, indicating the closest overall quality to fresh avocado
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179295
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      • UF - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3653]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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