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      Pengaruh Persepsi Kualitas, Citra Merek, dan Kepuasan Pelanggan Terhadap Loyalitas Merek Kosmetik Lokal XYZ

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Nadji, Neyla Afelita
      Sumarwan, Ujang
      Suharjo, Budi
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      Abstract
      The rapid growth of Indonesia's cosmetics industry has intensified competition among brands, requiring companies not only to attract new customers but also to retain existing ones by building brand loyalty. Brand XYZ, a growing local cosmetic brand, faces the challenge of retaining customers amid the wide range of brand alternatives available to consumers. Previous studies indicate that perceived quality, brand image, and customer satisfaction play a role in shaping brand loyalty, yet their findings remain inconsistent regarding the pattern of relationships among these variables, particularly in the context of a growing local brand. This study therefore aimed to analyze the effect of perceived quality and brand image on customer satisfaction, to analyze the effect of these three variables on brand loyalty, to analyze the mediating role of customer satisfaction, and to formulate managerial implications for Brand XYZ. This study used a quantitative approach through a descriptive and inferential survey method with a cross-sectional design. The sample was determined through purposive sampling of female consumers who had purchased and used Brand XYZ products within the past three months, resulting in 176 qualified respondents out of 216 who completed an online questionnaire distributed via Google Form using a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed descriptively using the Top Two and Bottom Two Boxes approach and inferentially using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS version 4. The SEM-PLS results showed that perceived quality and brand image explained 64.1% of the variance in customer satisfaction, while the three variables explained 71.5% of the variance in brand loyalty, with good predictive relevance. Hypothesis testing confirmed that perceived quality and brand image had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, and that all three variables had a positive and significant effect on brand loyalty. An important finding is that customer satisfaction was the variable with the strongest effect on brand loyalty and was found to partially mediate the effect of perceived quality and brand image on brand loyalty, indicating that loyalty toward a growing local cosmetic brand depends heavily on the company's ability to sustain customer satisfaction, not solely on good product quality and brand image. These findings imply that Brand XYZ should prioritize strategies that maintain customer satisfaction, supported by segmentation, targeting, and positioning strategies as well as an integrated marketing mix (7P), to strengthen long-term customer loyalty.
       
      Pertumbuhan industri kosmetik di Indonesia yang pesat telah membuat persaingan antarmerek semakin ketat, sehingga perusahaan dituntut tidak hanya menarik pelanggan baru, tetapi juga mempertahankan pelanggan yang telah ada melalui pembentukan loyalitas merek. Brand XYZ, sebagai merek kosmetik lokal yang terus berkembang, menghadapi tantangan mempertahankan pelanggan di tengah banyaknya alternatif merek yang tersedia bagi konsumen. Berbagai penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kualitas, citra merek, dan kepuasan pelanggan berperan dalam membentuk loyalitas merek, tetapi masih terdapat perbedaan temuan mengenai pola hubungan antarvariabel tersebut, terutama pada konteks merek lokal yang sedang berkembang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh persepsi kualitas dan citra merek terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, menganalisis pengaruh ketiga variabel tersebut terhadap loyalitas merek, menganalisis peran kepuasan pelanggan sebagai mediator, serta merumuskan implikasi manajerial bagi Brand XYZ. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei yang bersifat deskriptif dan inferensial dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling terhadap konsumen perempuan yang pernah membeli dan menggunakan produk Brand XYZ dalam tiga bulan terakhir, sehingga diperoleh 176 responden yang memenuhi kriteria dari 216 responden yang mengisi kuesioner secara daring melalui Google Form dengan skala Likert lima poin. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan pendekatan Top Two and Bottom Two Boxes serta secara inferensial menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) berbantuan perangkat lunak SmartPLS versi 4. Hasil analisis SEM-PLS menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kualitas dan citra merek mampu menjelaskan variasi kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 64,1%, sedangkan ketiga variabel tersebut mampu menjelaskan variasi loyalitas merek sebesar 71,5%, dengan kemampuan prediktif model yang baik. Pengujian hipotesis membuktikan bahwa persepsi kualitas dan citra merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, serta ketiga variabel berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas merek. Temuan penting penelitian ini adalah kepuasan pelanggan merupakan variabel dengan pengaruh terbesar terhadap loyalitas merek dan terbukti memediasi secara parsial pengaruh persepsi kualitas dan citra merek terhadap loyalitas merek, yang menunjukkan bahwa loyalitas terhadap merek kosmetik lokal yang sedang berkembang tidak semata-mata terbentuk oleh kualitas produk dan citra merek yang baik, melainkan sangat bergantung pada kemampuan perusahaan menjaga kepuasan pelanggan secara berkelanjutan. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan pentingnya Brand XYZ memprioritaskan strategi menjaga kepuasan pelanggan, didukung strategi segmentasi, penetapan target, dan positioning, serta penerapan bauran pemasaran (7P) secara terpadu guna memperkuat loyalitas pelanggan dalam jangka panjang.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179057
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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