Profil Mikroba dan Metagenom Bakteri Rumen yang Disuplementasi Tepung Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria verrucosa, dan Kombinasinya Secara In Vitro.

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi suplementasi tepung Ulva lactuca, Gracilaria verrucosa, dan kombinasinya terhadap profil mikroba dan metagenom bakteri rumen. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan, yaitu kontrol (K): rumput gajah:daun sawit:konsentrat=30:30:40, K mengandung U. lactuca 4%, K mengandung G. verrucosa 4%, dan K mengandung U. lactuca 2% dan G. verrucosa 2%. Peubah yang diamati meliputi populasi bakteri total, protozoa total, serta komposisi dan keragaman bakteri rumen melalui sekuensing gen 16S rRNA region V3–V4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap populasi bakteri dan protozoa rumen. Namun, analisis metagenom menunjukkan pergeseran beberapa taksa bakteri tingkat genus, terutama Xylanibacter, Butyrivibrio, Christensenellaceae R-7 group, dan kelompok Prevotellaceae. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa, suplementasi tepung U. lactuca dan G. verrucosa pada level 2–4%, baik tunggal maupun kombinasi, tidak memengaruhi populasi bakteri dan protozoa rumen secara in vitro, tetapi berpotensi memodulasi komposisi bakteri rumen.

This study aimed to evaluate the supplementation of U. lactuca meal, G. verrucosa meal, and their combination on the microbial profile and bacterial metagenome of the rumen. The experiment used a randomized block design with four treatments and five replications, namely control (K):elephant grass:oil palm fronds:concentrate=30:30:40, K containing 4% U. lactuca, K containing 4% G. verrucosa, and K containing 2% U. lactuca and 2% G. verrucosa. The observed variables included total bacterial population, total protozoal population, and rumen bacterial composition and diversity through 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3–V4 region. The results showed that the treatments had no significant effect (P>0.05) on total bacterial and protozoal populations. However, metagenomic analysis revealed shifts n several genus-level bacterial taxa, particularly Xylanibacter, Butyrivibrio, Christensenellaceae R-7 group, and Prevotellaceae groups. Supplementation with U. lactuca and G. verrucosa meal at levels of 2–4%, either individually or in combination, did not affect total bacterial and protozoal populations in vitro, but showed potential to modulate rumen bacterial composition without disrupting the overall microbial balance.