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dc.contributor.advisorSuhendi
dc.contributor.advisorAsikin, Zenal
dc.contributor.authorMubaroq, Zaib Syahrul
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-08T06:02:55Z
dc.date.available2026-08-08T06:02:55Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/177876
dc.description.abstractUsaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) merupakan tulang punggung perekonomian Indonesia dengan kontribusi sekitar 61% terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto dan penyerapan sekitar 97% tenaga kerja nasional. Kondisi serupa terjadi di Kabupaten Garut yang memiliki 178.821 unit UMKM dan didominasi usaha mikro sebanyak 163.443 unit (91,4%). Struktur ini mencerminkan besarnya potensi ekonomi kerakyatan sekaligus kerentanan struktural, karena mayoritas pelaku usaha menghadapi keterbatasan permodalan, rendahnya literasi keuangan dan manajerial, minimnya adopsi teknologi digital, serta terbatasnya akses pasar. Sebagai respons, Pemerintah Kabupaten Garut melalui Dinas Koperasi dan UKM menyelenggarakan skema pendampingan inkubatif dan kompetitif yang dikenal sebagai Program Wirahebat, yang mengombinasikan pendekatan pendampingan, mentoring, dan coaching bisnis serta mencakup rangkaian seleksi peserta, pendampingan intensif, evaluasi perkembangan usaha, dan fasilitasi jejaring. Namun, efektivitas dan keberlanjutan dampak program masih menjadi pertanyaan, sementara kajian strategi optimalisasi pendampingan berbasis kebutuhan lokal masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis capaian program pendampingan UMKM yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Dinas Koperasi dan UKM Kabupaten Garut, (2) mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong keberhasilan program, (3) mengidentifikasi kendala dalam pelaksanaan program, serta (4) menyusun rekomendasi strategi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas program pendampingan UMKM di Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Garut pada Juli hingga Desember 2025 menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus eksploratif dan deskriptif-analitik. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan teknik purposive sampling terhadap 13 responden ahli dari unsur Dinas Koperasi dan UKM, koordinator pendampingan, pendamping UMKM, akademisi, dan peserta pendampingan, didukung data sekunder berupa dokumen resmi, regulasi daerah, dan data statistik. Analisis dilakukan bertahap: Thematic Analysis untuk mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong keberhasilan dan kendala program, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) untuk menyusun struktur hierarkis hubungan antar faktor, serta analisis MICMAC untuk mengklasifikasikan elemen berdasarkan driving power dan dependence power sebagai dasar penentuan prioritas strategi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program Wirahebat tahun 2025 mendapat antusiasme tinggi dengan 582 pendaftar dari dua batch dan menghasilkan 158 peserta terpilih (98 peserta Batch I dan 60 peserta Batch II) melalui seleksi yang ketat. Namun, efektivitas program belum merata: sebanyak 56,1% peserta hanya mengalami kenaikan omzet pada rentang 0–20% dan secara kumulatif 84,3% peserta berada pada kenaikan omzet di bawah 40%. Pemanfaatan dana apresiasi juga belum optimal karena lebih banyak digunakan untuk stabilitas operasional dasar alih-alih investasi strategis atau pengurusan legalitas, sementara sosialisasi dan sebaran penerima manfaat masih terpusat di kawasan perkotaan. Analisis tematik mengidentifikasi 14 elemen kunci keberhasilan program dari dimensi penyelenggara (komitmen pimpinan daerah, koordinasi antarinstansi, dukungan anggaran, kejelasan kurikulum, serta sistem monitoring dan evaluasi) maupun dimensi pelaku usaha (motivasi dan kesiapan berubah, literasi kewirausahaan, dan kesesuaian mentor). Kendala yang teridentifikasi meliputi ego sektoral antarinstansi, sosialisasi yang belum merata, perizinan lanjutan yang rumit, pemantauan pascaprogram yang belum teratur, evaluasi yang masih administratif, serta kesenjangan antara tingginya minat dan rendahnya kesiapan berubah pelaku usaha; di antaranya, lemahnya sistem evaluasi dan pemantauan merupakan persoalan paling mendasar. Pemodelan ISM menghasilkan struktur hierarki tujuh level dengan komitmen pimpinan daerah (E1) sebagai penggerak utama (root driver) ber-driving power tertinggi pada level terbawah, diikuti koordinasi lintas OPD dan dukungan anggaran, kejelasan kurikulum dan sistem evaluasi, empat elemen operasional pendampingan (seleksi peserta, mentor praktisi, intensitas mentoring, dan monitoring pascaprogram), transformasi kapasitas peserta berupa motivasi dan literasi kewirausahaan, penguatan branding, akses pasar, dan legalitas, hingga bermuara pada peningkatan daya saing dan kinerja usaha UMKM di puncak hierarki. Analisis MICMAC mengklasifikasikan lima elemen sebagai independent/driver, empat elemen sebagai linkage, dan lima elemen sebagai dependent, tanpa elemen autonomous, yang menegaskan seluruh elemen saling terkait dalam sistem pendampingan. Berdasarkan struktur tersebut, strategi optimalisasi direkomendasikan melalui prinsip intervensi berjenjang. Prioritas pertama adalah penguatan faktor penggerak di tingkat kebijakan dan tata kelola, yaitu melembagakan komitmen pimpinan daerah hingga tahap pelaksanaan, memperkuat koordinasi antarinstansi, menjamin dan menambah sumber pendanaan termasuk dari swasta, menyusun kurikulum sesuai tingkat dan jenis usaha peserta, serta membangun sistem evaluasi berbasis hasil nyata. Prioritas kedua diarahkan pada faktor penghubung di tingkat pelaksanaan, yaitu memperluas jangkauan sosialisasi dan memperbaiki seleksi peserta, mencocokkan keahlian mentor dengan kebutuhan peserta, menjadikan pendampingan lebih berkelanjutan, serta melembagakan pemantauan pascaprogram dan komunitas alumni. Apabila kedua kelompok faktor tersebut dibenahi, faktor hasil seperti motivasi, literasi usaha, branding, legalitas, dan daya saing UMKM akan meningkat secara berkelanjutan. Strategi ini perlu dijalankan bertahap dalam jangka pendek, menengah, dan panjang, disertai perluasan sasaran ke sektor dan wilayah yang belum terjangkau. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan mengukur dampak program secara kuantitatif serta membandingkan UMKM peserta dan nonpeserta program.
dc.description.abstractMicro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of the Indonesian economy, contributing approximately 61% of the Gross Domestic Product and absorbing around 97% of the national workforce. A similar condition is found in Garut Regency, which has 178,821 MSME units dominated by micro-enterprises with 163,443 units (91.4%). This structure reflects both the great potential of the grassroots economy and its structural vulnerability, as most business actors face limited capital, low financial and managerial literacy, minimal adoption of digital technology, and restricted market access. In response, the Garut Regency Government through the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs has implemented an incubative and competitive assistance scheme known as the Wirahebat Program, which combines assistance, mentoring, and business coaching approaches and covers participant selection, intensive assistance, business progress evaluation, and networking facilitation. However, the effectiveness and sustainability of the program remain in question, while studies on assistance optimization strategies based on local needs are still limited. This research aims to (1) analyze the achievements of the MSME assistance program implemented by the Garut Regency Department of Cooperatives and SMEs, (2) identify the factors driving program success, (3) identify the obstacles encountered in program implementation, and (4) formulate strategic recommendations to improve the effectiveness of the MSME assistance program in Garut Regency. The research was conducted in Garut Regency from July to December 2025 using a qualitative approach with an exploratory and descriptive-analytical case study design. Primary data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews using purposive sampling with 13 expert respondents from the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs, the assistance coordinator, MSME facilitators, academics, and program participants, supported by secondary data in the form of official documents, regional regulations, and statistical data. The analysis was carried out in stages: Thematic Analysis to identify the success factors and obstacles of the program, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) to construct the hierarchical structure of relationships among factors, and MICMAC analysis to classify the elements based on their driving power and dependence power as the basis for determining strategic priorities. The results show that the 2025 Wirahebat Program attracted high public enthusiasm, with 582 applicants across two batches and 158 selected participants (98 in Batch I and 60 in Batch II) through a rigorous selection process. However, program effectiveness remains uneven: 56.1% of participants experienced revenue growth of only 0–20%, and cumulatively 84.3% of participants recorded revenue growth below 40%. The utilization of appreciation funds was also suboptimal, as it was mostly allocated to basic operational stability rather than strategic investment or business legality processing, while program socialization and beneficiary distribution were still concentrated in urban areas. The thematic analysis identified 14 key elements of program success spanning the organizer dimension (regional leadership commitment, inter-agency coordination, budget support, curriculum clarity, and monitoring and evaluation systems) and the entrepreneur dimension (motivation and readiness to change, entrepreneurial literacy, and mentor suitability). The identified obstacles include sectoral egos among agencies, uneven socialization, complicated follow-up licensing, irregular post-program monitoring, administratively oriented evaluation, and the gap between high interest and low readiness to change among business actors; among these, the weakness of the evaluation and monitoring system is the most fundamental problem. The ISM modeling produced a seven-level hierarchical structure with regional leadership commitment (E1) as the root driver holding the highest driving power at the lowest level, followed by cross-agency coordination and budget support, curriculum clarity and the evaluation system, four operational assistance elements (participant selection, practitioner mentors, mentoring intensity, and post-program monitoring), participant capacity transformation in the form of motivation and entrepreneurial literacy, strengthening of branding, market access, and legality, ultimately culminating in improved MSME competitiveness and business performance at the top of the hierarchy. The MICMAC analysis classified five elements as independent/driver, four as linkage, and five as dependent, with no autonomous element, confirming that all elements are interconnected within the assistance system. Based on this structure, optimization should follow a tiered intervention approach. The first priority is strengthening policy and governance drivers through stronger leadership commitment, inter-agency coordination, sustainable funding, appropriate curricula, and outcome-based evaluation. The second priority focuses on implementation by improving outreach and participant selection, aligning mentor expertise with participant needs, ensuring continuous mentoring, and strengthening post-program monitoring and alumni networks. These improvements are expected to enhance participant capacity and MSME competitiveness sustainably. Implementation should be phased across the short, medium, and long term, while future studies should quantitatively evaluate program impacts and compare participant and non-participant MSMEs.
dc.description.sponsorship
dc.language.isoid
dc.publisherIPB Universityid
dc.titleStrategi Optimalisasi Program Pendampingan UMKM di Kabupaten Garutid
dc.title.alternativeOptimization Strategy of the MSME Assistance Program in Garut Regency
dc.typeTesis
dc.subject.keywordinterpretive structural modellingid
dc.subject.keywordMICMACid
dc.subject.keywordpendampingan UMKMid
dc.subject.keywordstrategi optimalisasiid
dc.subject.keywordthematic analysisid
dc.subtypeTheses


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