Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Aktivitas Antimikroba Yogurt Susu Kambing Sinbiotik dengan Penambahan Prebiotik Fruktooligosakarida (FOS) dan Pektin

Abstract

Susu kambing Peranakan Etawa (PE) berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi yogurt sinbiotik untuk meningkatkan nilai fungsionalnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh jenis kultur bakteri asam laktat terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia dan aktivitas antimikroba yogurt susu kambing PE dengan penambahan FOS 2% dan pektin 0,5%. Penelitian menggunakan tiga perlakuan kultur yang terdiri dari Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, dan Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5. Parameter yang diamati meliputi total asam tertitrasi (TAT), pH, viskositas, water activity (aw), dan aktivitas antimikroba terhadap bakteri patogen. Jenis kultur berpengaruh sangat nyata (p < 0,01) terhadap TAT, pH, dan viskositas, tetapi tidak terhadap aw. Perlakuan P3 menghasilkan karakteristik terbaik dengan pH terendah (4,25), TAT tertinggi (4,24%), viskositas tertinggi (422,67 cP), dan aktivitas antimikroba terbaik. Seluruh perlakuan memenuhi standar SNI untuk pH dan aw.

Peranakan Etawa (PE) goat milk has the potential to be developed into synbiotic yogurt to enhance its functional properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cultures on the physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activity of PE goat milk synbiotic yogurt supplemented with 2% fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and 0,5% pectin. Three culture treatments consisting of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5 were evaluated. The observed parameters included total titratable acidity (TTA), pH, viscosity, water activity (aw), and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The type of LAB culture had a highly significant effect (p < 0,01) on TTA, pH, and viscosity, but had no significant effect on water activity. Treatment P3 exhibited the best overall characteristics, with the lowest pH (4,25), the highest TTA (4,24%), the highest viscosity (422,67 cP), and the greatest antimicrobial activity. All treatments met the SNI requirements for pH and water activity.