Tindakan Sosial Konsumsi Camilan Junk Food di Kalangan Remaja Perkotaan (Kasus: SMA Negeri 1 Kota Sukabumi)

Abstract

Obesitas saat ini menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan yang semakin meningkat di Indonesia. Saat ini kasus obesitas meningkat di kalangan kelompok usia remaja di daerah perkotaan. Hal ini terjadi karena perubahan gaya hidup dan konsumsi yang didominasi oleh makanan junk food. Remaja sangat gemar membeli camilan junk food terlebih saat berada di lingkungan sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat tipe motif tindakan sosial dominan yang berhubungan dengan tindakan konsumsi camilan junk food. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan pemilihan contoh menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Total jumlah contoh siswa yang diteliti sebanyak 84 orang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji korelasi chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan konsumsi camilan di perkotaan buruk (frekuensi sering dan tidak aman). Tipe motif tindakan konsumsi camilan junk food di kalangan remaja perkotaan adalah rasional instrumental. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tipe motif dengan tindakan konsumsi camilan junk food. Faktor lain yang menyebabkan konsumsi camilan junk food di kalangan remaja buruk adalah ketersediaan makanan di kantin (murah), aksesibilitas (mudah), dan lingkungan sosial (peraturan sekolah).

Obesity has become one of the major public health concerns in Indonesia, with an increasing prevalence among adolescents, particularly in urban areas. This trend is associated with changes in lifestyle and dietary patterns characterized by the frequent consumption of junk food. Adolescents commonly purchase junk food snacks, especially within the school environment. This study aimed to identify the dominant type of social action motive associated with adolescents' junk food snack consumption. A survey method was employed, and respondents were selected using simple random sampling. A total of 84 students participated in the study. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square correlation test. The results indicated that adolescents' junk food consumption behavior was unfavorable, as reflected by frequent consumption and low levels of food safety. Instrumentally rational action was identified as the dominant social action motive underlying junk food consumption. Furthermore, the findings revealed no significant relationship between the type of social action motive and junk food consumption behavior. Other factors contributing to unhealthy junk food consumption among urban adolescents included the availability of inexpensive food in school canteens, easy accessibility, and the influence of the school environment and regulations.