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      Parameter Kritis Penentu Mutu Minyak Goreng sebagai Kontributor Kerusakan Oksidatif Mi Instan

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Tesis
      Subtype
      Theses
      Author
      Firmansyah, Bayu
      Adawiyah, Dede Robiatul
      Herawati, Dian
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      Abstract
      Makanan gorengan banyak disukai karena tekstur, aroma, dan rasa khas yang terbentuk selama penggorengan. Namun, oksidasi lipid selama penggorengan dan penyimpanan dapat mengurangi kualitas produk dan mempercepat ketengikan pada mi instan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan ambang batas bilangan peroksida (PV) maksimum yang dapat diterima dari minyak goreng berdasarkan stabilitas sensori mi instan, mengevaluasi kerusakan oksidatif selama penyimpanan, dan menyelidiki hubungan antara nilai peroksida dan konduktivitas minyak. Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat tahap: (1) evaluasi perubahan nilai peroksida dan konduktivitas dalam minyak goreng yang dipanaskan pada suhu 160 °C selama 8 jam, (2) optimasi waktu penggorengan mi instan, (3) produksi mi instan menggunakan minyak goreng dengan rentang nilai peroksida yang berbeda (0,0–5,0, 5,1–10,0, dan 10,1–15,0 meq O2/kg), dan (4) reaksi oksidasi dipercepat melalui penyimpanan pada suhu 60 °C selama 8 hari, kemudian perubahan mutu sensori dievaluasi menggunakan uji pembeda rating atribut dengan penilaian intensitas atribut ketengikan. Penurunan mutu sensori mi instan mengikuti kinetika reaksi orde pertama. Konstanta laju reaksi paling lambat ditunjukkan pada variasi bilangan peroksida (PV) 0,0-5,0 meq O2/Kg. Persamaan kinetika orde satu menjelaskan bahwa peningkatan atribut aroma tengik, flavour tengik dan aftertaste tengik selama penyimpanan mengikuti konstanta laju reaksi (k) yang berkisar antara 0,0511-0,1648 hari?¹. Nilai konstanta laju reaksi yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok bilangan peroksida (PV) 5,1-10,0 dan 10,1-15,0 meq O2/kg menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan minyak dengan tingkat oksidasi awal yang lebih tinggi mempercepat perkembangan ketengikan produk selama penyimpanan. Minyak goreng dengan nilai bilangan peroksida (PV) di atas 5 meq O2/kg secara signifikan mengurangi stabilitas sensori mi instan selama penyimpanan. Batas mutu minyak goreng yang digunakan pada industri mi instan sebaiknya ditetapkan berdasarkan stabilitas sensori produk akhir (product-based oil quality threshold), bukan hanya berdasarkan karakteristik kimia minyak sebelum digunakan. Pendekatan ini berpotensi diterapkan untuk menentukan ambang batas mutu minyak goreng berbasis produk akhir (product-based oil quality threshold) serta mendukung pengembangan sistem pemantauan mutu secara real-time pada industri pangan goreng.
       
      Fried foods are widely favored due to their distinctive texture, aroma, and flavour developed during frying. However, lipid oxidation during frying and storage may reduce product quality and accelerate rancidity in instant noodles. This study aimed to determine the maximum acceptable peroxide value (PV) threshold of frying oil based on the sensory stability of instant noodles, evaluate oxidative deterioration during storage, and investigate the relationship between peroxide value and oil conductivity. The study consisted of four stages: (1) evaluation of peroxide value and conductivity changes in frying oil heated at 160°C for 8 h, (2) optimization of instant noodle frying time, (3) production of instant noodles using frying oils with different peroxide value ranges (1.0–5.0, 5.1–10.0, and 10.1–15.0 meq O2/kg), and (4) oxidation reaction was accelerated by storage at 60 °C for 8 days, followed by sensory quality evaluation using difference test-rating attribute with rancidity attribute intensity ratings. The sensory quality deterioration of instant noodles followed first-order reaction kinetics. The slowest reaction rate constant was observed in the peroxide value (PV) range of 0.0–5.0 meq O2/kg. The first-order kinetic model demonstrated that the increase in rancid aroma, rancid flavour, and rancid aftertaste during storage followed reaction rate constants (k) ranging from 0.0511 to 0.1648 day?¹. Higher reaction rate constants observed in the PV ranges of 5.1–10.0 and 10.1–15.0 meq O2/kg indicate that the use of frying oil with a higher initial oxidation level accelerated the development of rancidity in instant noodles during storage. This study demonstrated that frying oil with a peroxide value (PV) exceeding 5 meq O2/kg significantly reduced the sensory stability of instant noodles during storage. These findings suggest that the quality limit for frying oil used in the instant noodle industry should be established based on the sensory stability of the final product (product-based oil quality threshold), rather than solely on the chemical characteristics of the oil prior to use. Furthermore, the proposed approach highlights the potential application of oxidation kinetics for establishing product-based frying oil quality thresholds and supports the development of real-time quality monitoring systems in fried food manufacturing.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/176922
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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      Universitas Jember Digital Repository