Pemeliharaan Udang Vaname dalam Sistem Bioflok dengan Penambahan Probiotik Tunggal dan Kombinasi dan Diinfeksi Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemberian probiotik tunggal Acinetobacter radioresistens 2AP, Tenacibaculum lutimaris 3AP, serta kombinasinya terhadap performa pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistansi udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang dipelihara dalam sistem bioflok dan diinfeksi Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Udang vaname bobot awal (1,03±0,01 g) dipelihara selama 30 hari dalam sistem bioflok dengan penambahan probiotik dosis 105 CFU mL?¹ setiap hari, kemudian diuji tantang dengan V. parahaemolyticus pada dosis LD50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi probiotik (2AP+3AP) memberikan hasil terbaik secara signifikan (P<0,05) pada semua parameter, yaitu laju pertumbuhan spesifik (4,23±0,01% hari?¹), rasio konversi pakan (0,94±0,18), tingkat kelangsungan hidup (86,66±3,35%), total haemocyte count (8,22±0,035 x 107 sel mL?¹) pasca uji tantang, aktivitas fagositosis (64,86±0,45%) pasca uji tantang, respiratory burst (0,37±0,00 (100 µL?¹)) pasca uji tantang, aktivitas phenoloxidase (0,344±0,028 (100 µL?¹)) pasca uji tantang, serta kualitas air TAN (0,040±0,001 mg L?¹), nitrit (0,207±0,002 mg L?¹), nitrat (0,870±0,001 mg L?¹). Kombinasi probiotik Acinetobacter radioresistens 2AP dan Tenacibaculum lutimaris 3AP dalam sistem bioflok efektif meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistansi udang vaname terhadap infeksi Vibrio parahaemolyticus

This study aimed to analyze the effects of single and combined probiotic supplementation of Acinetobacter radioresistens 2AP and Tenacibaculum lutimaris 3AP on the growth performance, immune response, and resistance of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in a biofloc system and challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The experiment employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. Shrimp initial weight (1.03±0.01 g) were reared for 30 days in a biofloc system with daily probiotic supplementation at a dose of 105 CFU mL?¹, followed by a challenge test with V. parahaemolyticus at the LD50 dose. The results showed that the combined probiotic treatment (2AP+3AP) yielded the best and significantly different results (P<0.05) across all parameters, including specific growth rate (4.23±0.01% day?¹), feed conversion ratio (0.94±0.18), survival rate (86.66±3.35%), total haemocyte count (8.22±0.035 x 107 cells mL?¹) post challenge, phagocytic activity (64.86±0.45%) post challenge, respiratory burst (0.37±0.00 (100 µL?¹)) post-challenge, phenoloxidase activity (0.344±0.028 (100 µL?¹)) post challenge, and water quality TAN (0.040±0.001 mg L?¹), nitrite (0.207±0.002 mg L?¹), nitrate (0.870±0.001 mg L?¹). The combination of Acinetobacter radioresistens 2AP and Tenacibaculum lutimaris 3AP probiotics in the biofloc system effectively enhanced the growth performance, immune response, and resistance of Pacific white shrimp against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection.