Mekanisme Akses Pedagang Kaki Lima pada Hutan Penelitian dan Manfaatnya terhadap Ekonomi Rumah Tangga (Kasus: Hutan Penelitian Dramaga, Kota Bogor)

Abstract

Hutan penelitian adalah kawasan konservasi dan riset, namun keberadaannya di tengah permukiman menciptakan interaksi kompleks dengan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menganalisis mekanisme akses pedagang kaki lima pada Hutan Penelitian Dramaga dan hubungannya dengan manfaat ekonomi rumah tangga. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif didukung data kualitatif melalui survei kuesioner terhadap 57 responden secara purposive sampling dan wawancara mendalam informan. Tingkat mekanisme akses dianalisis melalui tingkat: akses, akses berbasis hak, dan akses struktural relasional. Manfaat ekonomi diukur melalui tingkat: tambahan pendapatan rumah tangga, proporsi pendapatan tambahan, dan diversifikasi sumber pendapatan. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat mekanisme akses berkorelasi positif signifikan dengan tingkat tambahan pendapatan rumah tangga serta tingkat proporsi pendapatan tambahan, dan berkorelasi negatif signifikan dengan tingkat diversifikasi sumber pendapatan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa akses lebih kuat menghasilkan manfaat ekonomi lebih besar sekaligus menciptakan ketergantungan rumah tangga terhadap kawasan.

Research forests are conservation and research areas, but their location within residential areas creates complex interactions. This study analyzes the mechanisms by which street vendors gain access to Dramaga Research Forest and their correlation with household economic benefits. A quantitative approach with qualitative data was used via surveys of 57 purposively sampled respondents and interviews. Levels of access mechanisms were analyzed as: access, rights-based access, and structural-relational access. Economic benefits were measured as: additional household income, the proportion of additional income, and diversification of income sources. Data were analyzed via descriptive statistics and Spearman's rank correlation. The results indicate that the level of access mechanisms is significantly and positively correlated with the level of additional household income and income proportion, and significantly and negatively correlated with the level of income diversification. The findings suggest greater access yields greater economic benefits while creating household dependence.