Dinamika Relasi Sosio-agraria dan Kesejahteraan Petani dalam Contract Farming (Kasus: Petani Contract Farming PT BFI di Desa Benteng, Jawa Barat)

Abstract

Relasi sosio-agraria merupakan aspek penting dalam memahami hubungan antaraktor dalam penguasaan, pemilikan, penggunaan, pemanfaatan, dan pengelolaan sumber-sumber agraria, serta pembagian kerja, relasi produksi, dan penciptaan surplus. Penelitian ini mengkaji relasi sosio-agraria dalam kemitraan contract farming PT BFI di Desa Benteng, Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor, serta hubungannya dengan tingkat kesejahteraan petani dan pendapatan hasil contract farming. Penelitian menggunakan metode mixed methods dengan desain sequential exploratory melalui observasi, survei terhadap 31 petani, dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan kunci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa contract farming mendorong perubahan pola hubungan petani menjadi sistem produksi yang lebih terstandarisasi dengan dukungan input dan kepastian pemasaran. Tingkat relasi sosio-agraria memiliki hubungan positif yang sangat kuat dengan tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani secara umum dan secara khusus pada pendapatan hasil contract farming. Mayoritas petani tidak menjadikan contract farming sebagai sumber pendapatan utama, sehingga pada tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga juga dipengaruhi oleh sumber pendapatan di luar contract farming.

Socio-agrarian relations are important for understanding relationships among actors in the control, ownership, use, utilization, and management of agrarian resources, as well as the division of labor, production relations, and surplus creation. This study examines socioagrarian relations within the contract farming partnership of PT BFI in Benteng Village, Ciampea District, Bogor Regency, and their relationship with farmer welfare and income derived from contract farming. The study employed a mixed-methods approach using a sequential exploratory design, involving observations, a survey of 31 farmers, and in-depth interviews with key informants. Results show that contract farming promotes a shift in farmers' production relationships toward a more standardized production system with input support and market assurance. The level of socio-agrarian relations was found to have very strong positive association with the overall household welfare of farmers, particularly with income derived from contract farming. However, as the majority of farmers did not rely on contract farming as their primary source of income, household welfare was also influenced by income earned from non-contract farming activities.