Evaluasi In Ovo feeding Probiotik Lactococcus lactis dan Bacillus licheniformis Terhadap Kualitas Day Old Chick dan Status Kesehatan Ayam Yudistira

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh in ovo feeding probiotik Bacillus licheniformis dan Lactococcus lactis terhadap daya tetas, kualitas fisik day old chick (DOC), profil darah, diferensiasi leukosit, dan organ imunitas ayam lokal. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Sebanyak 500 telur fertil ayam lokal dengan bobot seragam digunakan untuk ditetaskan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P0 telur tanpa injeksi, P1 telur yang diinjeksi 0,2 ml PBS, P2 telur yang diinjeksi 0,2 ml larutan 104 CFU/telur probiotik, P3 telur yang diinjeksi 0,2 ml larutan 105 CFU/telur probiotik, dan P4 telur yang diinjeksi 0,2 ml larutan 106 CFU/telur probiotik. Selanjutnya sebanyak 200 DOC dipelihara dalam kandang sekat sesuai perlakuan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi daya tetas, bobot tetas, ukuran tubuh DOC, skor kualitas fisik DOC, profil darah (hemoglobin, eritrosit, leukosit), diferensiasi leukosit, serta bobot organ imunitas. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA), dan dilanjutkan uji lanjut Duncan apabila berbeda nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik secara in ovo tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap daya tetas, kualitas fisik DOC, diferensiasi leukosit, dan bobot organ imunitas. Namun, perlakuan memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kadar hemoglobin, jumlah eritrosit, dan jumlah leukosit. Perlakuan P3 menghasilkan kadar hemoglobin tertinggi (12,33 g/dL) dan jumlah leukosit yang lebih rendah (13,55×10?/L) dari P0 (13,92×10?/L), sedangkan perlakuan P4 menunjukkan kadar hemoglobin dan eritrosit terendah. Disimpulkan bahwa in ovo feeding probiotik Bacillus licheniformis dan Lactococcus lactis hingga dosis 106 CFU/telur tidak menurunkan daya tetas dan kualitas DOC, serta 105 CFU probiotik Bacillus licheniformis dan Lactococcus lactis berpotensi meningkatkan status fisiologis dan sistem imun ayam kampung Yudistira

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of in ovo feeding of probiotics Bacillus licheniformis and Lactococcus lactis on hatchability, the physical quality of DOC, blood profiles, leukocyte differentiation, and immunity organs of local chickens. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. A total of 500 fertile local chicken eggs with uniform weights were used for incubation. The treatments consisted of P0 (eggs without injection), P1 (eggs injected with 0.2 ml of PBS), P2 (eggs injected with 0.2 ml of a probiotic solution containing 104 CFU/egg), P3 (eggs injected with 0.2 ml of a probiotic solution containing 105 CFU/egg), and P4 (eggs injected with 0.2 ml of a probiotic solution containing 106 CFU/egg). Furthermore, a total of 200 DOCs were reared in partitioned pens according to their respective treatments. The observed parameters included hatchability, hatching weight, DOC body size, DOC physical quality scores, blood profiles (hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes), leukocyte differentiation, and immunity organ weights. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by a post-hoc test if significant differences were found. The results showed that in ovo feeding of probiotics had no significant effect (P>0.05) on hatchability, DOC physical quality, leukocyte differentiation, and immunity organ weights. However, the treatments had a significant effect (P<0.05) on hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte counts, and leukocyte counts. The P3 treatment produced the highest hemoglobin level (12.33 g/dL) and a relatively high leukocyte count (13.55 × 10?/L), while the P4 treatment showed the lowest hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels. It can be concluded that in ovo feeding of probiotics Bacillus licheniformis and Lactococcus lactis up to a dose of 106 CFU/egg did not decrease hatchability and DOC quality, and 105 CFU of probiotics Bacillus licheniformis and Lactococcus lactis has the potential to improve the physiological status and immune system of Yudistira native chickens.