Pengaruh Pembiayaan Perbankan Syariah, Sukuk, dan Corruption Perceptions Index terhadap HDI di Negara OKI Terpilih 2018-2023

Abstract

Human development in member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) showed mixed results with relatively limited improvement during the 2018–2023 period. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Islamic banking financing, sukuk, and the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) on the Human Development Index (HDI) in OIC countries. This study used a quantitative approach with panel data from 10 OIC countries selected through purposive sampling based on data availability and consistency. The control variables included GDP per capita, government spending on education (GSE), government health expenditure (GHE), and a COVID-19 dummy. The analysis was conducted using panel data regression. The results showed that Islamic banking financing, sukuk, CPI, GDP per capita, GHE, and GSE had a positive and significant effect. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 dummy variable did not have a negative effect. These findings emphasized the importance of strengthening Islamic finance, institutional quality, economic capacity, and public spending in improving the HDI in OIC countries.

Pembangunan manusia di negara anggota Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam (OKI) menunjukkan capaian yang beragam dengan peningkatan yang relatif terbatas selama periode 2018–2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pembiayaan perbankan syariah, sukuk, dan corruption perceptions index (CPI) terhadap human development index (HDI) di negara OKI. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data panel dari 10 negara OKI yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan ketersediaan dan konsistensi data. Variabel kontrol yang digunakan meliputi GDP per capita, government spending on education (GSE), government health expenditure (GHE), dan dummy COVID-19. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan perbankan syariah, sukuk, CPI, GDP per capita, GHE, dan GSE berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Sementara itu, variabel dummy COVID-19 tidak berpengaruh negatif. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan keuangan syariah, kualitas institusi, kapasitas ekonomi, dan belanja publik dalam meningkatkan HDI di negara-negara OKI.