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      Analisis Pengaruh Pajak dan Zakat terhadap Output Ekonomi di Negara OKI

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      JAIVTRI, YUMNA
      Arsyianti, Laily Dwi
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      Abstract
      Kontribusi PDB negara OKI di dunia mengalami fluktuasi dan masih rendah, serta terjadi defisit anggaran. Negara OKI mengalami kondisi defisit anggaran yang disebabkan oleh penerimaan mandiri, seperti penerimaan pajak yang masih terbatas. Selain itu, secara teoretis zakat dapat menjadi bagian dari pendapatan pemerintah, namun realisasi pemungutannya masih rendah dan timpang di antara negara OKI. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kebijakan dan perkembangan pajak dan zakat, serta pengaruh pajak dan zakat terhadap PDB riil di tujuh Negara OKI periode 2011-2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan unbalanced panel data yang diestimasi dengan model Fixed Effect Model dan Robust Standard Error. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pajak tidak berpengaruh signifikan, sedangkan zakat berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap PDB. Variabel kontrol berupa GFCF, trade openness, dan angkatan kerja berpengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan dummy fiscal balance tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap PDB. Temuan ini menekankan output ekonomi yang dicerminkan oleh PDB riil negara OKI dipengaruhi instrumen keuangan sosial Islam dan faktor produksi. Oleh karena itu, perlu penguatan tata kelola zakat serta peningkatan efektivitas pengelolaan pajak melalui alokasi yang lebih produktif agar mampu mendukung peningkatan output ekonomi yang berkelanjutan.
       
      The contribution of OIC countries’ GDP to the global economy has been volatile and remains low, and budget deficits persist. OIC member states are facing budget deficits caused by limited domestic revenue, such as tax revenue. Furthermore, while zakat could theoretically be a source of government revenue, its actual collection remains low and uneven across OIC countries. This study aimed to identify tax and zakat policies and developments, as well as the impact of taxes and zakat on real GDP in seven OIC countries during the 2011–2024 period. The study uses unbalanced panel data estimated using the Fixed Effects Model and Robust Standard Error. The results indicate that taxes have no significant effect, whereas zakat has a significant positive effect on GDP. Control variable which are GFCF, trade openness, and the labor force have a significant positive effect, while the fiscal balance dummy variable has no significant effect on GDP. These findings emphasize that the economic output of OIC countries is influenced by Islamic social finance as well as instruments factors of production. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen zakat governance and improve the effectiveness of tax management through more productive allocation to support sustainable.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/175631
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      • UF - Syariah Economic [653]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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