Determinan Stabilitas Keuangan Bank Perekonomian Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) di Pulau Jawa Tahun 2020-2024

Abstract

Stabilitas keuangan BPRS menjadi isu penting seiring pencabutan izin usaha beberapa BPRS di Pulau Jawa selama periode 2020-2024. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kondisi stabilitas keuangan serta pengaruh faktor internal dan eksternal terhadap stabilitas keuangan BPRS di Pulau Jawa periode 2020-2024. Data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan triwulan 91 BPRS dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Random Effect Model (REM), dengan stabilitas keuangan diukur menggunakan Z-Score. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata Z-Score BPRS menurun dari 22,82 pada tahun 2020 menjadi 19,61 pada tahun 2024, namun tetap berada jauh di atas titik insolvensi sehingga kondisi BPRS masih tergolong relatif stabil. Secara parsial, CAR dan PDB berpengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan NPF dan size berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan, sementara FDR, BOPO, dan inflasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penguatan permodalan dan pengendalian pembiayaan bermasalah penting untuk menjaga stabilitas keuangan BPRS.

The financial stability of Islamic Rural Banks (BPRS) has become an important issue following the revocation of business licenses of several BPRS in Java during 2020-2024. This study aimed to analyze the condition of financial stability and examine the effects of internal and external factors on the financial stability of BPRS in Java during 2020-2024. Secondary data from the quarterly financial reports of 91 BPRS were analyzed using panel data regression with the Random Effect Model (REM), with financial stability measured by the Z-Score. The results show that the average Z-Score of BPRS declined from 22.82 in 2020 to 19.61 in 2024, yet remained well above the insolvency point, indicating that BPRS remained relatively stable. CAR and GDP have a positive and significant effect, while NPF and bank size have a negative and significant effect, whereas FDR, BOPO, and inflation have no significant effect. This study concludes that strengthening capitalization and controlling non-performing financing are important for maintaining the financial stability of BPRS.