Maskulinisasi Ikan Platy Pedang (Xiphophorus helleri) Menggunakan Tumbuhan Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia).

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas dosis pasak bumi melalui suplementasi pakan pada induk ikan platy pedang terhadap peningkatan jumlah anak berkelamin jantan yang dilahirkan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan, yaitu P0 (pakan tanpa pasak bumi), MT (pakan dengan 17a-metiltestosteron 1 mg/kg pakan), P50 (pakan dengan pasak bumi 50 mg/kg pakan, dan P100 (pakan dengan pasak bumi 100 mg/kg pakan). Parameter yang diamati meliputi kualitas air, Tingkat Kelangsungan Hidup (TKH) induk dan larva, jumlah larva dilahirkan, nisbah kelamin jantan, serta abnormalitas larva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air berada pada kisaran layak. TKH induk 100% pada seluruh perlakuan dan tidak ditemukan abnormalitas larva. Jumlah total larva tertinggi sebanyak 43±8,73 ekor pada P50, diikuti dengan MT 38±3,40, dan P0 sebanyak 36±3,09, sedangkan jumlah terendah pada P100 sebanyak 11±8,29. Nisbah kelamin jantan tertinggi diperoleh pada P100 sebanyak 93,33±0,09%, kontrol (P0) sebanyak 56,33±0.15%, P50 sebanyak 43,20±0,11%, sedangkan terendah pada MT sebanyak 23,32±0,07%. TKH larva pada P0 mencapai 100%, sedangkan terendah sebesar 72±0,21% pada MT. Suplementasi pasak bumi melalui pakan induk ikan platy pedang perlu dioptimalkan pada dosis 50-100 mg/kg pakan agar tidak berdampak negatif.

This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Eurycoma longifolia (pasak bumi) administered through broodstock feed supplementation on increasing the proportion of male offspring in swordtail platy fish. The experiment employed a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and five replications, P0 (without supplementation), MT (feed supplemented with 17a-methyltestosterone at 1 mg/kg), P50 (feed supplemented with pasak bumi at 50 mg/kg), and P100 (feed supplemented with pasak bumi at 100 mg/kg). Observed parameters included water quality, survival rate of broodstock and larvae, total number of larvae produced, male sex ratio, and larval abnormalities. The results indicated that water quality remained within acceptable ranges. Broodstock survival reached 100% across all treatments, and no larval abnormalities were observed. The highest total larval production was recorded in P50 (43±8.73 individuals), followed by MT (38±3.40) and P0 (36±3.09), while the lowest was observed in P100 (11±8.29). The highest male ratio was obtained in P100 (93.33±0.09%), followed by P0 (56.33±0.15%) and P50 (43.20±0.11%), whereas the lowest was recorded in MT (23.32±0.07%). Larval survival rate reached 100% in P0 and was lowest in MT (72±0.21%). Supplementation of pasak bumi in broodstock feed should be optimized within the range of 50–100 mg/kg to avoid negative effects.