Komposisi Matriks dan Suhu pada Proses Enkapsulasi Metode Spray Drying terhadap Viabilitas Bifidobacterium bifidum

Abstract

Bifidobacterium bifidum merupakan salah satu probiotik potensial yang berperan signifikan dalam mendukung kesehatan saluran pencernaan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi komposisi matriks dan suhu inlet dalam proses spray drying terhadap viabilitas Bifidobacterium bifidum. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial (3x3) dengan tiga ulangan terdiri dari tiga komposisi matriks (A1:inulin 10%, susu skim 2,5% dan maltodekstrin 2,5%, A2:inulin 10% + susu skim 5%, dan A3: inulin 10% + maltodekstrin 5%) dan tiga taraf suhu inlet, yaitu T1 (110 °C), T2 (120 °C) dan T3 (130 °C). Peubah yang diamati yaitu rendemen, pH, kadar air dan viabilitas bakteri. Analisis data menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA), dan apabila terdapat perbedaan yang nyata dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan menggunakan aplikasi IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi yang signifikan antara komposisi matriks dan suhu dalam viabilitas bakteri (P>0,05). Suhu inlet berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen dan nilai pH. Simpulan dari penelitian ini, menunjukkan kombinasi komposisi matriks dan suhu spray drying mempertahankan nilai viabilitas Bifidobacterium bifidum. Formulasi matriks yang terdiri atas inulin 10%, susu skim 2,5% dan maltodekstrin 2,5% pada suhu inlet 110 °C menghasilkan tingkat viabilitas tertinggi sebesar 10,10 ± 0,64 log CFU/g.

Bifidobacterium bifidum is a probiotic species with notable potential in promoting gastrointestinal health. In light of this, the study aimed to evaluate the effects of matrix composition and inlet temperature on the viability of B. bifidum during the spray drying process. A Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern (3x3) and three replications was employed, comprising three matrix composition A1 (10% inulin, 2.5% skim milk, and 2.5% maltodextrin), A2 (10% inulin and 5% skim milk), and A3 (10% inulin and 5% maltodextrin). Additionally, three inlet temperature levels were tested: T1 (110 °C), T2 (120 °C), and T3 (130 °C). The variables observed were yield, pH, moisture content, and bacterial viability. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if significant differences were found, Duncan's multiple range test was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 software. The results showed no significant interaction between matrix composition and temperature on the bacterial viability (P > 0.05). However, the inlet temperature significantly affected yield and pH. In conclusion, this study shows that matrix composition and spray drying temperature can enhance the viability of Bifidobacterium bifidum. The matrix composition with 10% of inulin 2.5% skim milk and 2.5% maltodextrin at an inlet temperature of 110 oC provided the highest viability at 10,10 ± 0,64 log CFU/g.