Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Budidaya Kepiting Bakau Sistem Apartemen Kepiting

Abstract

Usaha budidaya kepiting bakau memiliki potensi yang baik untuk dikembangkan. Salah satu model budidaya kepiting yang menerapkan teknologi adalah sistem apartemen kepiting. Bapak Yani merupakan pembudidaya yang menerapkan sistem apartemen kepiting. Namun, tingginya biaya investasi budidaya sistem apartemen maka perlu dikaji kelayakan usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha budidaya kepiting bakau sistem apartemen dari aspek non finansial dan aspek finansial. Analisis non finansial dilakukan secara deskriptif meliputi aspek pasar, aspek teknis, aspek manajemen dan hukum, aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya, serta aspek lingkungan, sedangkan analisis finansial menggunakan kriteria investasi (NPV, Net B/C, IRR, dan PP) dan switching value. Hasil penelitian menyatakan aspek pasar, teknis, manajemen, sosial, ekonomi, budaya, serta lingkungan pada sistem budidaya apartemen kepiting layak dijalankan, namun tidak dengan aspek hukum. Secara finansial diperoleh NPV sebesar Rp115.590.560, Net B/C sebesar 2,91, IRR sebesar 42%, dan PP usaha selama 3 tahun 2 bulan. Selain itu, hasil analisis switching value menunjukkan tingkat penurunan jumlah produksi yang dapat ditoleransi sebesar 14,51% dan kenaikan biaya bibit kepiting sebesar 68,88%.

Mud crab farming has good potential for development. One method of crab farming that uses technology is the crab apartment system. Mr. Yani is a farmer who applies the crab apartment system. However, due to the high investment costs of the apartment system, the feasibility of the business needs to be assessed. This research looks to analyze the feasibility of mangrove crab farming using the apartment system from both non-financial and financial aspects. The non-financial analysis is conducted descriptively, covering market aspects, technical aspects, management and legal aspects, social, economic, and cultural aspects, as well as environmental aspects. The financial analysis uses investment criteria (NPV, Net B/C, IRR, and PP) and switching value. The research results indicate that the market, technical, management, social, economic, cultural, and environmental aspects of the crab apartment farming system are feasible to implement, but not the legal aspect. Financially, the NPV is Rp115,590,560, Net B/C is 2.91, IRR is 42%, and the payback period is 3 years and 2 months. Additionally, the switching value analysis shows a tolerable reduction in production volume of 14.51% and an increase in crab seedling costs of 68.88%.