Suplementasi Niasin dan Niasin Terproteksi dalam Ransum pada Respons Fisiologis, Kecernaan, dan Performa Pertumbuhan Domba Jantan Lokal

Abstract

Penggemukan domba di iklim tropis dengan pakan tinggi konsentrat rentan memicu cekaman panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh suplementasi niasin dan niasin terproteksi dalam ransum pada respons fisiologis, kecernaan, dan performa pertumbuhan 15 ekor domba jantan lokal (bobot 24,16±2,63 kg). Ternak dialokasikan ke dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga perlakuan berdasarkan bobot badan awal: kontrol (P0), niasin tanpa proteksi 800 mg/kg BK (P1), dan niasin terproteksi (rumen-protected niacin/RPN) 800 mg/kg BK (P2). Kondisi lingkungan menunjukkan cekaman panas. Hasil menunjukkan suplementasi RPN nyata menurunkan (P<0,05) laju respirasi sore hari dibandingkan perlakuan lain, namun tidak memengaruhi (P>0,05) detak jantung dan suhu rektal. Suplementasi niasin tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi nutrien, kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik, serta performa pertumbuhan domba jantan lokal. Suplementasi RPN efektif menunjang adaptasi mekanisme termoregulasi melalui penurunan laju respirasi, meskipun belum memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan produktivitas domba jantan lokal.

Fattening sheep in tropical climates using high-concentrate diets is susceptible to inducing heat stress. This study aimed to analyze the effects of niacin and rumen-protected niacin supplementation in the diet on the physiological responses, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of 15 local rams (body weight 24.16±2.63 kg). The animals were assigned to a Randomized Block Design based on initial body weight with three treatments: control (P0), unprotected niacin 800 mg/kg DM (P1), and rumen-protected niacin/RPN 800 mg/kg DM (P2). Environmental conditions indicated heat stress. The results showed that RPN supplementation significantly reduced (P<0.05) the afternoon respiration rate compared to other treatments, but did not affect (P>0.05) heart rate and rectal temperature. Niacin supplementation had no significant effect (P>0.05) on nutrient intake, dry matter and organic matter digestibility, or growth performance of local rams. Rumen-protected niacin supplementation effectively improved the thermoregulatory mechanism through a reduction in respiration rate. However, it did not improve the productivity of local rams.