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      Struktur Pasar dan Daya Saing Ekspor Lada Utuh Indonesia di Pasar Amerika Serikat

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Maghfiroh, Ratri
      Fariyanti, Anna
      Utami, Anisa Dwi
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      Abstract
      Lada merupakan rempah unggulan Indonesia yang berperan dalam perekonomian nasional. Namun, kinerja ekspor lada utuh Indonesia menghadapi tantangan berupa ketatnya persaingan akibat rendahnya pertumbuhan nilai ekspor karena masalah produktivitas dan kualitas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur dan konsentrasi pasar, serta keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif lada utuh Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat. Metode Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) dan Concentration Ratio (CR4) menunjukkan struktur pasar lada utuh di pasar Amerika Serikat adalah oligopoli dengan konsentrasi tinggi, artinya didominasi oleh Vietnam, Indonesia, Brazil, dan India. Metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang kuat setelah Vietnam. Metode Export Product Dynamics (EPD) menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia berada pada posisi Retreat pada periode pertama dan kedua, namun akhirnya berhasil bergeser menjadi posisi Rising Star pada periode ketiga. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pengembangan strategi penguatan kelompok tani, peningkatan kualitas, serta produktivitas untuk meningkatkan daya saing lada utuh indonesia.
       
      Pepper is one of Indonesia’s leading spices and plays a significant role in the national economy. However, Indonesia’s whole pepper export performance faces challenges in the form of intense competition due to low export value growth caused by productivity and quality issues. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the market structure and concentration, as well as the comparative and competitive advantages of Indonesian whole pepper in the U.S. market. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and Concentration Ratio (CR4) methods indicate that the whole pepper market in the United States is an oligopoly with high concentration, meaning it is dominated by Vietnam, Indonesia, Brazil, and India. The Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method shows that Indonesia has strong competitiveness, second only to Vietnam. The Export Product Dynamics (EPD) method shows that Indonesia was in the “Retreat” position during the first and second periods but eventually shifted to the “Rising Star” position in the third period. Therefore, strategies are needed to strengthen farmer groups, improve quality, and boost productivity to enhance the competitiveness of Indonesian whole pepper.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/174422
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      • UF - Agribusiness [4838]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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