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      Struktur Pasar dan Dinamika Daya Saing Ekspor Udang Beku Indonesia di Pasar Amerika Serikat

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      NURSETYA, GYFARIANI ANNISA
      Priatna, Wahyu Budi
      Burhanuddin
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      Abstract
      Udang beku merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan ekspor perikanan Indonesia yang berperan penting dalam menghasilkan devisa negara. Amerika Serikat menjadi pasar utama ekspor udang beku Indonesia, namun persaingan perdagangan semakin ketat dengan negara kompetitor seperti India, Ekuador, dan Vietnam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur pasar dan dinamika daya saing udang beku Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat periode 2013-2024 menggunakan metode Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI), Concentration Ratio (CR4), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), dan Export Product Dynamics (EPD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur pasar udang beku di Amerika Serikat yang terbentuk adalah oligopoli dengan konsentrasi pasar yang tinggi. Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang kuat dengan rata-rata nilai RCA sebesar 24,29. Hasil EPD menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia berada di posisi rising star pada periode satu dan dua, namun bergeser menjadi lost opportunity pada periode terakhir. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan budidaya berkelanjutan dan penerapan traceability yang terintegrasi untuk mendukung daya saing udang beku Indonesia di pasar Amerika Serikat.
       
      Frozen shrimp is one of Indonesia’s leading fishery export commodities and plays a vital role in generating foreign exchange for the country. The United States is the primary market for Indonesia’s frozen shrimp exports, but trade competition is intensifying with rival countries such as India, Ecuador and Vietnam. This study aims to analyze the market structure and competitiveness dynamics of Indonesian frozen shrimp in the U.S. market for the period 2013-2024 using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), Concentration Ratio (CR4), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), and Export Product Dynamics (EPD) methods. The results show that the frozen shrimp market in the United States is an oligopoly with high market concentration. Indonesia possesses strong competitiveness, with an average RCA value of 24,29. The EPD results indicate that Indonesia was in the rising star position during periods one and two but shifted to lost opportunity in the final period. Therefore, strengthening sustainable aquaculture and implementing integrated traceability systems are necessary to support the competitiveness of Indonesian frozen shrimp in the U.S. market.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/174226
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      • UF - Agribusiness [4825]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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