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      Dinamika Daya Saing dan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Ekspor Karet Alam Indonesia

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      PRAYOGA, DWIYAN ADJI
      Burhanuddin
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      Abstract
      Indonesia sebagai produsen karet alam terbesar kedua dunia mengalami penurunan volume ekspor Smoked Sheets of Natural Rubber (SSNR) dan Technically Specified Natural Rubber (TSNR) periode 2014 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini menganalisis daya saing dan determinan volume ekspor pada delapan negara tujuan utama menggunakan metode RCA, DRCA, dan Gravity Model. Hasil RCA menunjukkan keunggulan komparatif Indonesia yang konsisten dengan posisi TSNR lebih kuat daripada SSNR, namun masih tertinggal dari Thailand dan Vietnam. Analisis DRCA mengungkap pelemahan sistemik pada periode 2020 hingga 2023, di mana mayoritas pasar SSNR berada pada posisi Leading Retreat dan China menjadi Lost Opportunity bagi TSNR. Hasil estimasi gravity model menunjukkan PDB per kapita berpengaruh negatif signifikan pada kedua komoditas, nilai tukar berpengaruh positif signifikan hanya pada SSNR, harga ekspor berpengaruh negatif signifikan pada SSNR dan positif signifikan pada TSNR, tarif impor berpengaruh negatif signifikan pada kedua komoditas, serta pandemi COVID-19 hanya berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap TSNR.
       
      Indonesia as the world's second largest natural rubber producer experienced declining export volumes of Smoked Sheets of Natural Rubber (SSNR) and Technically Specified Natural Rubber (TSNR) during 2014 to 2023. This study analyzes competitiveness dynamics and export volume determinants across eight destination countries using RCA, DRCA, and a Gravity Model. RCA results confirm consistent comparative advantage with TSNR outperforming SSNR, though Indonesia lags behind Thailand and Vietnam in most markets. DRCA analysis reveals systemic weakening during 2020 to 2023, with most SSNR markets in Leading Retreat and China becoming a Lost Opportunity for TSNR. Gravity model results show that GDP per capita negatively and significantly affects both commodities, the real exchange rate positively and significantly affects only SSNR, export prices negatively and significantly affect SSNR but positively and significantly affect TSNR, import tariffs negatively and significantly reduce volumes of both commodities, and the COVID-19 pandemic only significantly and negatively affects TSNR export volumes.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173819
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      • UF - Agribusiness [4816]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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