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      Evaluasi Susu Fermentasi Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5 dalam Menghambat Kanker Kolorektal pada Mencit BALB/c yang Diinduksi Senyawa Karsinogen

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Erlina, Iis
      Arief, Irma Isnafia
      Budiman, Cahyo
      Sena, Anantha
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      Abstract
      Kanker kolorektal merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian akibat kanker di dunia. Berdasarkan data Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) yang dirilis oleh Badan Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) pada tahun 2022, kasus kanker kolorektal menempati peringkat ketiga dengan jumlah 1.926.118 kasus baru di seluruh dunia, serta menempati peringkat kedua dalam jumlah kematian dengan total 903.859 jiwa. Metode pengobatan kanker kolorektal yang paling umum dilakukan meliputi operasi, kemoterapi, dan radioterapi. Tingkat keberhasilan dari metode pengobatan tersebut sangat bervariasi, dengan berbagai efek samping yang masih menjadi tantangan. Oleh karena itu, eksplorasi bahan alami dengan potensi antikanker menjadi langkah penting dalam mengembangkan alternatif pengobatan yang lebih aman. Salah satu alternatif yang menjanjikan adalah senyawa bioaktif yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri asam laktat probiotik L. plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5 dievaluasi secara in vivo pada mencit BALB/c yang diinduksi senyawa karsinogen yaitu azoxymethane (AOM) dan Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) selama 70 hari. Terdapat 5 kelompok yang dijadikan perlakuan pada penelitian ini yaitu P1: Kontrol sehat; P2: Kontrol negatif; P3: Kontrol positif (5- FU); P4: Perlakuan probiotik sebelum induksi; P5: Perlakuan probiotik setelah induksi. Susu fermentasi yang diberikan pada hewan coba, dilakukan analisis kualitas terlebih dahulu. Pada parameter fisikokimia, total BAL, dan yang diamati sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Susu fermentasi L. plantarum IIA- 1A5 menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan 84,43 %. Berdasarkan penelitian secara in vivo pada mencit BALB/c yang diinduksi AOM dan DSS, susu fermentasi L. plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5 efektif menghambat kanker kolorektal pada mencit BALB/c, dibuktikan dengan penurunan skor Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF), kepadatan sel tumor, penghambatan imunohistokimia NF-kB, penurunan kadar kortisol yang mengindikasikan berkurangnya stres fisiologis, penurunan kadar malondialdehyde (MDA), dan penurunan E. coli.
       
      Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. According to data from the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) released by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2022, colorectal cancer ranked third in global incidence, with 1,926,118 new cases, and second in cancer-related mortality, accounting for 903,859 deaths. The most common therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, the effectiveness of these treatments varies considerably and is frequently associated with significant adverse effects, which remain a major clinical challenge. Therefore, the exploration of natural products with anticancer potential represents an important strategy for developing safer and more effective alternative therapies. One promising candidate is the bioactive compounds produced by the probiotic lactic acid bacterium Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5 was evaluated in vivo in BALB/c mice induced with the carcinogenic agents azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 70 days. The study consisted of five experimental groups: P1 (healthy control), P2 (negative control), P3 (positive control, 5-fluorouracil [5-FU]), P4 (probiotic treatment before induction), and P5 (probiotic treatment after induction). Prior to administration, the fermented milk was evaluated for quality parameters. Its physicochemical characteristics and total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) complied with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The fermented milk containing L. plantarum IIA-1A5 exhibited antioxidant activity of 84.43%. The in vivo results demonstrated that fermented milk containing L. plantarum subsp. plantarum IIA-1A5 effectively suppressed colorectal carcinogenesis in AOM–DSS-induced BALB/c mice. This effect was evidenced by reduced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) scores, decreased tumor cell density, downregulation of NF-?B expression based on immunohistochemical analysis, lower cortisol levels indicating reduced physiological stress, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and reduced Escherichia coli populations.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/173008
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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