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      Kinerja Pengolahan Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit pada Unit Anaerobik Rotating Biological Contactor Berdasarkan Dinamika Komunitas Mikroorganisme

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Romadhon, Muhammad Imany
      Kurniawan, Allen
      Chadirin, Yudi
      Rachmania, Nisa
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      Abstract
      Limbah cair kelapa sawit (LCKS) yang tidak diolah dengan baik dapat mencemari air permukaan dan air tanah. Proses pengolahan LCKS dilakukan dengan pendekatan biologis menggunakan unit Anaerobic Rotating Biological Contactor (AnRBC) yang dimodifikasi dengan media lekatan kaldness K1. Upaya optimalisasi dilakukan dengan menganalisis pengaruh Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) serta dinamika komunitas mikroorganisme selama proses pengolahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang reaktor AnRBC termodifikasi media kaldness K1 untuk pengolahan LCKS, menganalisis pengaruh variasi HRT terhadap kinerja pengolahan LCKS dan stabilitas biokimia pada unit AnRBC, mengevaluasi dinamika struktur komunitas mikroorganisme pada unit AnRBC akibat variasi HRT selama pengolahan LCKS, dan mengidentifikasi genus mikroorganisme unggul yang berhubungan signifikan dengan efisiensi penyisihan bahan organik dan stabilitas proses anaerobik pada sistem AnRBC. Penelitian menunjukkan, unit AnRBC dapat mengurangi seluruh parameter organik selama proses pengolahan. Namun, kinerja AnRBC sangat dipengaruhi oleh variasi HRT. Kinerja AnRBC meningkat seiring dengan penurunan HRT selama 2 hari sehingga menunjukkan efektivitas penyisihan kandungan organik tertinggi. Dinamika komunitas mikroorganisme menunjukkan pergeseran seiring dengan perlakuan variasi HRT. Berdasarkan pola perilaku, genus mikroorganisme dari kelompok clade 1 (Gemmobacter, Sedimentibacter, dan Hydrogenophaga) dan clade 2 (Microbacterium dan Petrimonas) merupakan katalisator kuat yang didukung dengan tingkat adaptasi, fleksibilitas metabolisme serta aktivitas enzim hidrolitik yang tinggi. Sementara itu, kelompok genus clade 4 (Arenimonas, Brevundimonas, Corynebacterium) dan clade 5 (Cloacibacillus dan Paenacidovorax) merupakan inhibitor proses pengolahan disebabkan dapat memproduksi zat polimer ekstraseluler, akumulasi senyawa intermediet, dan preferensi metabolit yang terbatas pada substrat yang sederhana.
       
      Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), if inadequately treated, poses a risk of contaminating both surface and groundwater. This study employed a biological treatment approach using an Anaerobic Rotating Biological Contactor (AnRBC) modified with kaldness K1 attached-growth media. The optimization process involved assessing the effects of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) and microbial community dynamics throughout the treatment. The study aimed to design an AnRBC reactor modified with kaldness K1 media for POME treatment, analyze the impact of HRT variation on treatment performance and biochemical stability within the AnRBC unit, evaluate shifts in microbial community structure in response to HRT variation during POME treatment, and identify superior microbial genera significantly associated with organic matter removal efficiency and anaerobic process stability in the AnRBC system. The findings indicated that the AnRBC unit effectively reduced all organic parameters during treatment, with performance being significantly influenced by HRT variation. Treatment efficacy improved with reduced HRT, with the 2-day HRT demonstrating the highest organic removal efficiency. Microbial community dynamics also shifted in response to varying HRT conditions. Based on observed behavioral patterns, genera in clade 1 (Gemmobacter, Sedimentibacter, and Hydrogenophaga) and clade 2 (Microbacterium and Petrimonas) emerged as strong process catalysts, supported by their high adaptability, metabolic flexibility, and hydrolytic enzymatic activity. Conversely, genera in clade 4 (Arenimonas, Brevundimonas, and Corynebacterium) and clade 5 (Cloacibacillus and Paenacidovorax) were linked to process inhibition due to their propensity to produce extracellular polymeric substances, promote the accumulation of intermediate compounds, and exhibit limited metabolic preference for only simple substrates.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172950
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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