View Item 
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Master Theses
      • MT - Business
      • View Item
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Master Theses
      • MT - Business
      • View Item
      JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

      Strategi Pengembangan Layanan Inkubator Bisnis Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

      Thumbnail
      View/Open
      Cover (770.1Kb)
      Fulltext (1.636Mb)
      Lampiran (211.7Kb)
      Date
      2026
      Author
      Ardiawan, Arif
      Jahroh, Siti
      Suhendi
      Metadata
      Show full item record
      Abstract
      Riset dan inovasi merupakan motor utama dalam meningkatkan nilai tambah ekonomi dan daya saing nasional. Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengakui pentingnya peran ini melalui Rencana Induk Riset Nasional (RIRN), namun implementasinya masih menghadapi hambatan struktural seperti kendala birokrasi dan rendahnya realisasi belanja riset. Meskipun Indeks Inovasi Indonesia mengalami peningkatan, penyerapan hasil riset ke sektor industri masih lemah, yang terlihat dari rendahnya skor knowledge diffusion dan linkage antara lembaga riset dengan industri. Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN) hadir sebagai orkestrator inovasi nasional, di mana salah satu fungsinya dijalankan melalui Layanan Inkubator Bisnis (LIB). LIB BRIN memiliki peran vital dalam menjembatani hasil riset menuju komersialisasi, namun saat ini menghadapi tantangan berupa penurunan jumlah tenant, ketiadaan standarisasi layanan, serta ketidakjelasan struktur pasca integrasi berbagai lembaga riset. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Menganalisis perkembangan inkubator bisnis di Indonesia, menganalisis kondisi lingkungan internal dan eksternal LIB BRIN, merumuskan alternatif strategi bagi pengembangan layanan inkubator bisnis BRIN, serta menentukan dan merekomendasikan prioritas strategi yang tepat untuk pengembangan layanan Inkubator Bisnis BRIN dalam mendukung tumbuhnya perusahaan pemula berbasis riset. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan BRIN pada kurun waktu Juli hingga Oktober 2025. Responden pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 11 orang. 3 responden merupakan responden internal, sedangkan 8 lainnya merupakan responden eksternal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif melalui studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui dua tahap utama. Tahap pertama adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan protokol PRISMA menggunakan alat analisis VOSviewer untuk memetakan lanskap industri inkubator nasional. Tahap kedua adalah analisis strategis melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pengelola LIB BRIN dan pakar. Lingkungan internal dianalisis dengan kerangka McKinsey 7S Framework (Strategy, Structure, Systems, Shared Values, Style, Staff, Skills), sedangkan lingkungan eksternal menggunakan kerangka PESTEL (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legal). Formulasi strategi disusun menggunakan matriks SWOT, yang kemudian diprioritaskan menggunakan Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Analisis mendalam melalui kerangka McKinsey 7S mengungkapkan bahwa aspek Staff dan Skills menjadi tantangan krusial, di mana masih terdapat kesenjangan kompetensi pengelola dalam hal pendampingan bisnis yang bersifat spesifik teknologi. Sebagian besar pengelola memiliki latar belakang administratif atau peneliti murni, sehingga dibutuhkan transformasi peran menjadi mentor bisnis yang mampu menjembatani aspek teknis riset dengan strategi komersialisasi. Selain itu, dari sisi Systems, integrasi platform digital untuk monitoring perkembangan tenant belum berjalan optimal, yang menyebabkan proses evaluasi kinerja inkubasi seringkali mengalami keterlambatan data. Sinkronisasi antara nilai-nilai organisasi (Shared Values) pasca-merger lembaga riset juga memerlukan waktu lebih untuk menyatukan budaya kerja yang beragam menjadi satu visi orkestrasi inovasi yang solid. Di sisi lain, temuan dari analisis PESTEL menekankan bahwa faktor regulasi (Legal) dan dukungan politik (Political) merupakan pedang bermata dua bagi LIB BRIN. Di satu sisi, adanya Peraturan Presiden mengenai penguatan ekosistem inovasi memberikan payung hukum yang kuat untuk alokasi dana abadi riset. Namun di sisi lain, ketergantungan pada kebijakan pemerintah pusat membuat struktur organisasi inkubator rentan terhadap perubahan arah politik yang dapat mempengaruhi keberlanjutan program jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, implikasi strategis dari penelitian ini menyarankan agar LIB BRIN mulai membangun kemitraan strategis dengan sektor swasta dan modal ventura guna menciptakan ekosistem pendanaan yang lebih mandiri dan tidak hanya bergantung pada anggaran negara, sehingga proses hilirisasi riset tetap terjaga meski terjadi transisi kepemimpinan atau kebijakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem inkubator bisnis di Indonesia didominasi oleh inkubator universitas, pemerintah, dan swasta dengan hambatan utama pada kompetensi sumber daya manusia dan akses pendanaan. LIB BRIN memiliki kekuatan signifikan berupa dukungan pendanaan dari dana abadi penelitian serta spesialisasi pada riset berteknologi tinggi (deep tech). Namun, ditemukan kelemahan kritis berupa ketiadaan fasilitas fisik gedung (inkubasi dilakukan secara virtual/in-wall di pusat riset) dan sulitnya akses masyarakat terhadap hasil riset. Secara eksternal, peluang besar terbuka bagi BRIN untuk menjadi orkestrator nasional, namun ancaman berupa kerentanan legitimasi kelembagaan akibat perubahan kebijakan politik tetap membayangi. Temuan penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga prioritas strategi utama berdasarkan skor daya tarik tertinggi pada matriks QSPM. Strategi pertama adalah menyusun standarisasi dan strategi orkestrasi inkubator teknologi nasional berbasis riset untuk memperkuat peran BRIN sebagai pemimpin ekosistem. Strategi kedua adalah pembentukan Risnov Communication Center sebagai sarana untuk mengurangi hambatan akses terhadap hasil riset dan inovasi agar lebih mudah dimanfaatkan oleh industri. Strategi ketiga adalah menjalankan program inkubasi tematik yang berbasis pada masalah nyata di pasar domestik (problem-driven incubation). Implikasi dari penelitian ini menekankan bahwa keberhasilan hilirisasi riset sangat bergantung pada transformasi LIB BRIN dari sekadar penyedia pendanaan menjadi penentu standar nasional yang terintegrasi dengan kebutuhan pasar.
       
      Research and innovation were the primary engines for increasing economic value-added and national competitiveness. The Government of Indonesia recognized this vital role through the National Research Master Plan (RIRN); however, its implementation faced structural barriers such as bureaucratic constraints and low research spending realization. Although Indonesia’s Innovation Index improved, the absorption of research results into the industrial sector remained weak, as evidenced by low scores in knowledge diffusion and the linkage between research institutions and industry. The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) emerged as the national innovation orchestrator, with one of its functions being carried out through the Business Incubator Service (LIB). LIB BRIN held a vital role in bridging research results toward commercialization, yet it confronted challenges including a decrease in the number of tenants, a lack of service standardization, and structural ambiguity following the integration of various research institutions. This study aimed to analyze the development of business incubators in Indonesia, analyze the internal and external environments of LIB BRIN, formulate alternative strategies for the development of BRIN’s business incubator services, and determine as well as recommend appropriate strategic priorities to support the growth of research-based startups. This research was conducted at the BRIN premises between July and October 2025. The respondents in this study consisted of 11 individuals: 3 internal respondents and 8 external respondents. The research method employed was qualitative with a descriptive case study approach. Data were collected through two main stages. The first stage was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA protocol using VOSviewer analysis tools to map the national incubator industry landscape. The second stage was a strategic analysis conducted through in-depth interviews with LIB BRIN managers and experts. The internal environment was analyzed using the McKinsey 7S Framework (Strategy, Structure, Systems, Shared Values, Style, Staff, Skills), while the external environment utilized the PESTEL framework (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legal). Strategy formulation was developed using a SWOT matrix, which was then prioritized using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). The in-depth analysis through the McKinsey 7S framework revealed that the Staff and Skills aspects posed crucial challenges, as there was a competency gap among managers regarding technology-specific business mentoring. Most managers possessed administrative or pure research backgrounds; therefore, a transformation into business mentors capable of bridging technical research with commercialization strategies was required. Furthermore, from a Systems perspective, the integration of digital platforms for monitoring tenant progress did not function optimally, causing frequent data delays in the incubation performance evaluation process. The synchronization of Shared Values post-merger also required more time to unify diverse work cultures into a solid vision of innovation orchestration. On the other hand, findings from the PESTEL analysis emphasized that Legal and Political factors acted as a double-edged sword for LIB BRIN. On one side, Presidential Regulations regarding the strengthening of the innovation ecosystem provided a strong legal umbrella for the allocation of the research endowment fund. However, on the other side, dependence on central government policies rendered the incubator's organizational structure vulnerable to shifts in political direction that could affect long-term program sustainability. Consequently, the strategic implications of this research suggested that LIB BRIN should begin building strategic partnerships with the private sector and venture capital to create a more independent funding ecosystem that does not rely solely on the state budget, ensuring that the research downstreaming process remained protected despite transitions in leadership or policy. The results of the study indicated that the business incubator ecosystem in Indonesia was dominated by university, government, and private incubators, with primary obstacles found in human resource competence and access to funding. LIB BRIN possessed significant strengths in the form of funding support from the research endowment fund and specialization in deep-tech research. However, a critical weakness was identified in the absence of physical building facilities (incubation was carried out virtually/in-wall at research centers) and the public’s difficulty in accessing research results. Externally, a major opportunity opened for BRIN to become the national orchestrator, yet the threat of institutional legitimacy vulnerability due to changes in political policy continued to loom. The research findings produced three main strategic priorities based on the highest attractiveness scores in the QSPM matrix. The first strategy was to develop standardization and a research-based national technology incubator orchestration strategy to strengthen BRIN’s role as an ecosystem leader. The second strategy was the establishment of a Risnov (Research-Innovation) Communication Center as a means to reduce barriers to accessing research and innovation results so they could be more easily utilized by industry. The third strategy was the implementation of thematic incubation programs based on real problems in the domestic market (problem-driven incubation). The implications of this study emphasized that the success of research downstreaming depended heavily on the transformation of LIB BRIN from a mere funding provider into a national standard-setter integrated with market needs.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172633
      Collections
      • MT - Business [4109]

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository
        

       

      Browse

      All of IPB RepositoryCollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

      My Account

      Login

      Application

      google store

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository