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      Analisis Kinerja Piringan Penjatah Vakum Dengan Lubang Isap Lentur Untuk Benih Jagung

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Putra, Elnatasra Athilla Selananda
      Hermawan, Wawan
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      Abstract
      Mekanisasi pertanian presisi berperan penting dalam meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman jagung. Sistem penjatah benih tipe vakum digunakan karena memiliki tingkat presisi penanaman yang tinggi. Secara konvensional, sistem ini masih menggunakan piringan penjatah dengan lubang isap kaku yang kurang mampu mengakomodasi variasi bentuk dan ukuran benih jagung sehingga performa penjatahan belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan lubang isap lentur pada piringan penjatah melalui variasi parameter operasional terhadap performa sistem penjatah benih tipe vakum, serta menentukan kombinasi perlakuan optimum yang menghasilkan performa penjatahan tinggi dengan konsumsi daya listrik yang rendah. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan piringan penjatah dengan lubang isap lentur berbahan lateks pada 81 kombinasi perlakuan. Performa penjatahan dievaluasi berdasarkan quality of feed index, miss index, dan multiple index mengacu pada ISO 7256-1 (1984) serta dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan lubang isap lentur berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai quality of feed index. Sebanyak sembilan kombinasi perlakuan memenuhi klasifikasi baik dengan nilai quality of feed index antara 91,35% hingga 95,67%. Kombinasi terbaik diperoleh pada satu lapis lembaran lentur, diameter lubang isap 3 mm, tekanan isap 2 kPa, dan kecepatan putar piringan 10 rpm, yang menghasilkan nilai quality of feed index sebesar 92,31% dengan konsumsi daya listrik total sebesar 720,913 W.
       
      Precision agricultural mechanization plays a role in improving maize productivity. Vacuum seed metering devices are widely used due to their high planting precision. Conventional systems employ a rigid seed orifice that cannot adequately accommodate variations in maize seed shape and size, resulting in suboptimal seed metering performance. This study aimed to evaluate the application of a flexible seed orifice on a metering disc and to determine the optimal parameter combination for achieving high seed metering performance with low electrical power consumption. Experiments were conducted using a metering disc equipped with a latex-based flexible seed orifice under 81 parameter combinations. Seed metering performance was evaluated using the quality of feed index, miss index, and multiple index based on ISO 7256-1 (1984) and statistically analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that the flexible seed orifice significantly affected the quality of feed index. Nine parameter combinations achieved good performance classification, with quality of feed index values ranging from 91.35% to 95.67%. The optimal combination consisted of a single flexible sheet layer, 3 mm seed orifice diameter, 2 kPa vacuum pressure, and 10 rpm metering disc speed, producing a quality of feed index of 92.31% and electrical power consumption of 720.913 W.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172615
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      • UT - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3599]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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