Daya Tetas, Performa Produksi, Ukuran Tubuh, dan Karkas Ayam Sentul Dengan Metode IOI Bahan ATP

Abstract

Ayam Sentul merupakan ayam lokal Indonesia yang memiliki potensi genetiksebagai sumber protein hewani, namun optimalisasi produktivitasnya masih memerlukaninovasi nutrisi sejak fase embrio. Salah satu pendekatan yang dapat dilakukan adalahpenerapan in ovo injection menggunakan adenosin triphosphate (ATP) sebagai sumber energi eksogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh in ovo injectionATPterhadap daya tetas, performa produksi, ukuran tubuh (morfometrik), dan karakteristikkarkas ayam Sentul. Sebanyak 250 telur ayam Sentul umur inkubasi 18 hari dibagi kedalam dua perlakuan, yaitu kontrol tanpa injeksi (T0) dan perlakuan in ovo injectionATP(T1). Larutan ATP dengan konsentrasi 0,15 ppm diberikan sebanyak 0,5 ml ke dalamrongga amnion. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan ATP tidak berpengaruhsignifikan terhadap daya tetas, bobot tetas, DOC layak jual, pertambahan bobot badan, maupun laju pertumbuhan (P>0,05). Namun, perlakuan ATP memberikan respon positif pada beberapa parameter tertentu, seperti peningkatan bobot karkas serta ukuranmorfometrik tertentu, meliputi panjang tibia, leher, punggung, sayap, dan dada padabeberapa periode pengamatan (P<0,05). Selain itu, konversi pakan pada periode awal menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan, yang diduga berkaitan dengan peningkatan aktivitasmetabolik akibat ATP. Secara keseluruhan, in ovo injection ATP berpotensi meningkatkan perkembangan jaringan dan karakteristik karkas ayam Sentul, meskipunbelum memberikan dampak nyata terhadap performa pertumbuhan, sehingga diperlukanpenelitian lanjutan dengan optimasi dosis dan kondisi inkubasi.

Sentul chickens are indigenous Indonesian poultry with considerable geneticpotential as a source of animal protein; however, optimizing their productivity still requires nutritional innovations initiated during the embryonic phase. One such approachis the application of in ovo injection using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an exogenousenergy source. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of in ovo ATP injection onhatchability, production performance, body measurements (morphometrics), and carcasscharacteristics of Sentul chickens. A total of 250 fertile Sentul eggs at 18 days of incubation were allocated into two treatments: a non-injected control group (T0) and anin ovo ATP-treated group (T1). An ATP solution at a concentration of 0.15 ppm wasinjected at a volume of 0.5 ml into the amniotic cavity. The results showed that ATPtreatment did not significantly affect hatchability, hatch weight, saleable day-old chicks, body weight gain, or growth rate (P>0.05). However, positive responses were observed inseveral parameters, including increased carcass weight and improvements in specificmorphometric traits, such as tibia length, neck and back length, as well as wing andbreast length at certain observation periods (P<0.05). Additionally, feed conversion ratioduring the early growth period differed significantly, which was presumably associatedwith increased metabolic activity induced by ATP, although this effect did not persist insubsequent periods. In conclusion, while in ovo ATP injection did not markedly enhancegrowth performance, it showed potential in improving specific tissue development andcarcass characteristics, indicating the need for further studies focusing on doseoptimization and incubation environment control.