Produksi Kolostrum dan Susu Kolostrum Induk serta Pertambahan Bobot Badan Pedet Sapi Pedaging Satu Minggu Pasca Kelahiran

Abstract

Produksi kolostrum sapi berperan penting dalam menunjang kesehatan, imunitas, dan pertumbuhan awal pedet. Rumpun induk sangat memengaruhi jumlah kolostrum yang dihasilkan. Sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) dan sapi Pasundan yang banyak dipelihara di Situbolang memiliki karakteristik genetik yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis perbedaan, hubungan, dan pengaruh performa induk terhadap produksi kolostrum, produksi susu kolostrum, bobot lahir pedet, dan pertambahan bobot badan harian pedet sapi pedaging. Penelitian melibatkan 21 pasang induk dan pedet, terdiri atas 14 ekor sapi PO dan 7 ekor sapi Pasundan. Hasil analisis perbandingan menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata pada produksi kolostrum hari pertama, produksi susu kolostrum hari keempat, bobot lahir pedet, maupun PBBH pedet umur seminggu. Jenis kelamin pedet juga tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot lahir maupun PBBH. Perbedaan yang signifikan ditemukan pada produksi susu kolostrum hari ketujuh, induk sapi PO menghasilkan susu kolostrum lebih tinggi dibandingkan induk sapi Pasundan. Hasil analisis regresi dan korelasi menunjukkan bahwa periode laktasi induk berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi susu kolostrum harian, sedangkan variabel umur induk, BCS setelah beranak, dan bobot lahir pedet tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Selain itu, tidak ditemukan pengaruh nyata dari umur induk, periode laktasi, BCS, bobot lahir, dan produksi susu kolostrum terhadap PBBH pedet umur seminggu.

Colostrum production in cows plays an important role in supporting the health, immunity, and early growth of calves. The cow's breed greatly influences the amount of colostrum produced. Peranakan Ongole (PO) and Pasundan cows, which are widely raised in Situbolang, have different genetic characteristics. This study was conducted to analyze the differences, relationships, and effects of cow performance on colostrum production, colostrum milk production, calf birth weight, and daily weight gain of beef calves. The study involved 21 pairs of cows and calves, consisting of 14 PO cows and 7 Pasundan cows. The results of the comparative analysis showed that there were no significant differences in first-day colostrum production, fourth-day colostrum milk production, calf birth weight, or daily weight gain of one-week-old calves. The sex of the calf also had no significant effect on birth weight or DAW. A significant difference was found in colostrum production on the seventh day, with PO cows producing higher colostrum than Pasundan cows. Regression and correlation analysis results showed that the lactation period of the cow had a significant effect on daily colostrum production, while the variables of cow age, BCS after calving, and calf birth weight had no significant effect. In addition, no significant effect was found from cow age, lactation period, BCS, birth weight, and colostrum production on the PBBH of one-week-old calves.