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      Rancang Bangun dan Uji Kinerja Alat Pemotong Dahan dengan Mekanisme Osilasi dengan Motor Listrik

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Pratisto, Bintang
      Setiawan, Radite Praeko Agus
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      Abstract
      Pemangkasan dahan secara manual memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal efisiensi, produktivitas, dan keselamatan kerja. Di sisi lain, alat pangkas bermesin yang ada saat ini umumnya memiliki kelemahan berupa bobot alat yang masih berat yaitu 9,5 kg. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun prototipe dodos dengan tambahan mekanisme osilasi dari ulir leadscrew untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Prinsip kerja alat ini adalah mengubah gerak putar motor listrik DC menjadi gerak osilasi menggunakan leadscrew, yang kemudian menghasilkan gaya dorong pada pisau dodos. Prototipe menggunakan motor listrik DC sebagai sumber tenaga penggerak dan memiliki berat total sebesar 6,83 kg. Tahapan pengujian kinerja prototipe dibagi menjadi tiga tahapan yaitu, pengujian kecepatan putar optimal prototipe, perbandingan uji kinerja secara manual dan mekanis, dan pengukuran daya motor dan daya tahan baterai. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, didapatkan kecepatan putar osilasi optimal pada lama waktu putar 3 detik dengan rata-rata kecepatan pemotongan sebesar 9,14 detik/objek pemotongan. Total waktu pemangkasan menggunakan prototipe dibandingkan alat manual yaitu menggunakan mesin lebih cepat 21,1 detik (20,4 %) dibandingkan menggunakan alat pangkas manual. Besar daya motor saat pemangkasan dengan prototipe pada lama waktu putar osilasi di 3 detik adalah 26,6 watt.
       
      Manual branch pruning is limited in terms of efficiency, productivity, and work safety. On the other hand, existing motorized pruning tools generally suffer from drawbacks such as heavy weight (9.5 kg). This research aims to design and build a dodos (pruning knife) prototype with an added leadscrew oscillation mechanism to overcome these problems. The basic working principle of this prototype was to convert the rotational motion of a DC electric motor into oscillating motion using a leadscrew, which then generates a thrust force on the dodos blade. The prototype utilizes a DC electric motor as the power source and has a total weight, of 6.83 kg. The prototype performance testing was divided into three stages: testing the optimal rotational speed, comparing manual and mechanical performance, and measuring motor power consumption and battery endurance. Based on the test results, the optimal oscillation rotational speed was achieved at a 3 second rotation duration, with an average cutting speed of 9.14 seconds per cutting object. The total pruning time using the prototype was 21.1 seconds (20.4%) faster compared to using the manual pruning tool. The motor power during pruning with the prototype, at the optimal 3-second oscillation duration, was 26.6 watts.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172226
      Collections
      • UT - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3599]

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