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      Studi Korelasi Kualitas Gizi, Karakteristik Fisikokimia, dan Sensori Sate Domba dengan Kepuasan Konsumen di Kabupaten Tegal

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Novianto, M. Risqi
      Arief, Irma Isnafia
      Apriantini, Astari
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      Abstract
      Komoditas domba memiliki potensi besar di Kabupaten Tegal yang dikenal sebagai daerah dengan populasi domba tinggi dan tradisi beternak yang kuat. Salah satu produk hasil domba unggulannya adalah sate domba, yang memiliki ciri khas penggunaan daging domba muda dan proses pemanggangan yang menghasilkan cita rasa khas. Kualitas gizi, fisikokimia, sensori, serta keamanan pangan menjadi faktor penting yang menentukan mutu dan penerimaan konsumen terhadap produk ini. Namun, penelitian mengenai sate domba Tegal masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai kualitas sate domba dari aspek kandungan gizi, fisikokimia, mikrobiologi, dan sensori, serta menganalisis hubungannya dengan tingkat kepuasan konsumen, guna mendukung pengembangan kuliner lokal yang berdaya saing. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Tegal dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling untuk memilih produsen sate domba dan konsumen sebagai responden. Wawancara dilakukan kepada produsen untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai profil usaha dan proses produksi, sedangkan konsumen mengisi kuesioner untuk memperoleh profil demografi serta penilaian sensori terhadap produk menggunakan skala Likert 1–5. Sampel sate dan daging domba dari produsen terpilih dianalisis di laboratorium untuk mengukur kandungan gizi, asam lemak, fisikokimia, dan mikrobiologi. Data demografi dianalisis secara deskriptif, sementara data laboratorium diuji menggunakan one-way ANOVA. Hubungan kualitas sate domba dengan persepsi konsumen dianalisis dengan korelasi Spearman. Principal component analysis digunakan untuk melihat pola atau pengelompokan, dan regresi linear berganda digunakan untuk menilai pengaruh atribut sensori terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Penelitian ini menemukan keseragaman pada total mikroba, kontaminasi bakteri patogen, kandungan gizi, dan fisikokimia sate domba dari ketiga produsen. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan konsistensi dan keseragaman proses produksi sate domba di Kabupaten Tegal yang penting untuk menjaga stabilitas produk di pasaran. Terdapat kontaminasi bakteri E. coli yang melebihi batas ideal untuk pangan siap saji internasional, namun masih aman dalam batas nasional, sehingga masih aman untuk dikonsumsi. Parameter kadar air, abu, aktivitas air, dan pH menunjukkan hubungan positif kuat terhadap tingkat kepuasan konsumen. Semakin tinggi nilai parameter tersebut berhubungan dengan meningkatnya kepuasan konsumen. Parameter lemak dan karbohidrat menunjukkan hubungan negatif kuat terhadap tingkat kepuasan konsumen. Semakin tinggi nilai parameter tersebut berhubungan dengan menurunnya kepuasan konsumen. Seluruh atribut kualitas sensori juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kepuasan konsumen.
       
      Sheep commodities have great potential in Tegal Regency, which is known as an area with a high sheep population and strong livestock farming traditions. One of its superior sheep products is lamb satay, which is characterized by the use of young lamb meat and a grilling process that produces a distinctive flavor. Nutritional, physicochemical, sensory, and food safety qualities are important factors that determine the quality and consumer acceptance of this product. However, research on Tegal lamb satay is still limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the quality of lamb satay in terms of nutritional content, physicochemical properties, microbiology, and sensory characteristics, as well as to analyze its relationship with consumer satisfaction levels, in order to support the development of competitive local cuisine. The study was conducted in Tegal Regency using purposive sampling to select lamb satay producers and consumers as respondents. Interviews were conducted with producers to obtain information about business profiles and production processes, while consumers filled out questionnaires to obtain demographic profiles and sensory evaluations of products using a 1–5 Likert scale. Samples of satay and lamb meat from selected producers were analyzed in the laboratory to measure nutritional content, fatty acids, physicochemical properties, and microbiology. Demographic data were analyzed descriptively, while laboratory data were tested using one-way ANOVA. The relationship between lamb satay quality and consumer perception was analyzed using Spearman's correlation. Principal component analysis was used to identify patterns or groupings, and multiple linear regression was used to assess the effect of sensory attributes on consumer satisfaction. This study found uniformity in the total microbe count, pathogenic bacterial contamination, nutritional content, and physicochemical properties of lamb satay from the three producers. These results indicate consistency and uniformity in the lamb satay production process in Tegal Regency, which is important for maintaining product stability in the market. There is E. coli contamination exceeding the internationally accepted limits for ready-to-eat foods; however, it remains within the permissible limits under national standards. The parameters of moisture content, ash content, water activity, and pH showed a strong positive correlation with consumer satisfaction levels. Higher values of these parameters were associated with increased consumer satisfaction. The fat and carbohydrate parameters showed a strong negative correlation with consumer satisfaction levels. Higher values of these parameters were associated with decreased consumer satisfaction. All sensory quality attributes also had a significant effect on consumer satisfaction levels.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172175
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      • MT - Animal Science [1317]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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