Risiko Produksi Ayam Kampung pada Peternakan Ciliwung Farm Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Usaha peternakan ayam kampung berpotensi cukup besar dalam penyediaan protein hewani di Indonesia, namun tidak terlepas dari berbagai risiko, terutama risiko produksi. Peternakan Ciliwung Farm, merupakan salah satu usaha budi daya ayam kampung pedaging di Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi sumber risiko produksi, menghitung pendapatan harapan dan koefisien variasi, menganalisis probabilitas dan dampak risiko menggunakan metode z-score dan Value at Risk (VaR), serta merumuskan alternatif strategi untuk meminimalisasi risiko. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya empat sumber risiko produksi, yaitu penyakit, kualitas DOC, suhu udara, dan hama predator. Pendapatan harapan yang diperoleh peternak sebesar Rp11.291.500,00 dengan koefisien variasi 0,45 yang menunjukkan tingkat risiko tidak tergolong tinggi. Risiko penyakit memiliki probabilitas dan dampak tertinggi dibandingkan risiko lainnya. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, disusun strategi penanganan risiko berupa strategi preventif dan mitigasi, seperti perbaikan manajemen kandang dan penguatan sistem biosecurity. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi peternak dalam mengelola risiko produksi secara efektif.

The kampong chicken farming business has significant potential to provide animal protein in Indonesia, but it is not free from various risks, especially production risks. Ciliwung Farm is one of the kampong chicken farming businesses in Bogor Regency, West Java. The objectives of the study were to identify sources of production risk, calculate expected income and coefficient of variation, analyze the probability and impact of risk using the z-score and Value at Risk (VaR) methods, and formulate alternative strategies to minimize risk. The results of the study showed four sources of production risk, namely disease, DOC quality, air temperature, and predatory pests. The expected income obtained by the farm was IDR11.291.500,00 with a coefficient of variation of 0,45, indicating a low risk level. Disease risk has the highest probability and impact compared to other risks. Based on these findings, a risk management strategy was prepared in the form of preventive and mitigation strategies, such as improving cage management and strengthening the biosecurity system. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for farmers in managing production risks effectively.