Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Dan Mitigasi Risiko Rantai Pasok Pada Perusahaan Retail Kebutuhan Hewan Peliharaan
Abstract
PT XYZ merupakan salah satu perusahaan retail kebutuhan hewan peliharaan di Indonesia yang menghadapi tantangan dalam manajemen rantai pasoknya. Meskipun memiliki peran penting dalam industri, perusahaan masih menghadapi berbagai kendala terkait kinerja rantai pasok yang dapat mempengaruhi efisiensi operasional dan daya saingnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja rantai pasok di PT XYZ, menganalisis kendala dan risiko yang muncul pada rantai pasok PT XYZ, serta menentukan strategi mitigasi risiko dan peningkatan kinerja rantai pasok PT XYZ. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) yang dikombinasikan dengan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menganalisis kinerja rantai pasok, House of Risk (HOR) I untuk menganalisis risiko, serta House of Risk (HOR) II untuk menentukan prioritas mitigasi risiko rantai pasok.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja rantai pasok PT XYZ secara keseluruhan berada dalam kategori baik dengan nilai metrik kinerja terbobot rata-rata sebesar 91%. Namun, masih terdapat beberapa area yang perlu ditingkatkan, terutama dalam hal kemampuan mengganti pemasok (75%), biaya rantai pasok (88%), dan cash-to-cash cycle time (80%). Analisis risiko mengidentifikasi 10 risk agent prioritas yang berkontribusi terhadap 75% potensi risiko rantai pasok. Risk agent utama yang teridentifikasi meliputi kurangnya audit dan evaluasi berkala terhadap kinerja pemasok, ketergantungan pada sedikit pemasok, keterlambatan pasokan, parameter yang tidak mempertimbangkan kedaluarsa produk, dan sistem pemrosesan pesanan yang masih manual. Hasil analisis mitigasi risiko menghasilkan lima tindakan mitigasi prioritas dengan rasio efektivitas-kesulitan tertinggi, yaitu: (1) standarisasi dan otomatisasi proses bisnis kunci di seluruh rantai pasok, (2) pengembangan sistem perencanaan dan pengendalian persediaan yang adaptif, (3) implementasi program manajemen risiko pemasok terintegrasi, (4) membangun kolaborasi strategis dan pertukaran informasi dengan mitra rantai pasok, dan (5) penguatan kapabilitas analitik data dan kecerdasan bisnis.
Model mitigasi risiko rantai pasok yang diusulkan meliputi pengembangan program manajemen risiko pemasok yang komprehensif, optimalisasi sistem perencanaan dan pengendalian persediaan, penguatan kolaborasi dan integrasi dengan mitra rantai pasok, percepatan digitalisasi dan otomatisasi proses rantai pasok, serta peningkatan ketangkasan dan ketahanan rantai pasok dalam menghadapi gangguan dan ketidakpastian. Temuan dalam penelitian ini memberikan landasan bagi pengembangan strategi mitigasi risiko dan peningkatan kinerja rantai pasok yang lebih efektif di PT XYZ. Implementasi model mitigasi risiko ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, mengurangi potensi gangguan rantai pasok, serta meningkatkan daya saing perusahaan dalam industri retail kebutuhan hewan peliharaan di Indonesia. PT XYZ is a retail company specializing in pet supplies in Indonesia that faces challenges in its supply chain management. Despite its important role in the industry, the company still encounters various obstacles related to supply chain performance that can affect its operational efficiency and competitiveness. This research aims to analyze the supply chain performance of PT XYZ, examine the constraints and risks that arise in PT XYZ's supply chain, and determine risk mitigation strategies and supply chain performance improvement for PT XYZ. The research employs a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach. The analytical methods used include the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) combined with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze supply chain performance, House of Risk (HOR) I to analyze risks, and House of Risk (HOR) II to determine supply chain risk mitigation priorities.
The results show that PT XYZ's overall supply chain performance is in the good category with an average weighted performance metric value of 91%. However, there are still several areas that need improvement, particularly in terms of the ability to change suppliers (75%), supply chain costs (88%), and cash-to-cash cycle time (80%). Risk analysis identifies 10 priority risk agents that contribute to 75% of potential supply chain risks. The main identified risk agents include lack of regular audits and evaluations of supplier performance, dependence on a few main suppliers, supply delays from principals, inventory parameters that do not consider product expiration, and manual order processing systems. The risk mitigation analysis results in five priority mitigation actions with the highest effectiveness-to-difficulty ratio, namely: (1) standardization and automation of key business processes throughout the supply chain, (2) development of adaptive inventory planning and control systems, (3) implementation of integrated supplier risk management programs, (4) building strategic collaboration and information exchange with supply chain partners, and (5) strengthening data analytics and business intelligence capabilities.
The proposed supply chain risk mitigation model includes developing a comprehensive supplier risk management program, optimizing inventory planning and control systems, strengthening collaboration and integration with supply chain partners, accelerating digitalization and automation of supply chain processes, and increasing supply chain agility and resilience in facing disruptions and uncertainties. The findings in this study provide a foundation for developing more effective risk mitigation strategies and improving supply chain performance at PT XYZ. Implementation of this risk mitigation model is expected to increase operational efficiency, reduce potential supply chain disruptions, and enhance the company's competitiveness in the pet supplies retail industry in Indonesia.
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