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      Audit Energi pada Proses Pengolahan Biji Kopi Menjadi Kopi Bubuk (Studi Kasus: Kopi Banaran)

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Dani, Anazahwa Nova
      Agustina, Sri Endah
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      Abstract
      Kopi bubuk adalah produk olahan biji kopi yang paling umum dikenal di masyarakat. Persaingan dalam usaha pengolahan kopi membuat pelaku usaha harus berupaya untuk menekan biaya produksi, antara lain melalui penurunan biaya energi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan audit energi pada proses pengolahan biji kopi menjadi kopi bubuk “Kopi Banaran”, menganalisis kebutuhan energi, mengidentifikasi penggunaan energi yang kurang efisien, dan memberikan rekomendasi. Audit energi dilakukan dengan dua tahapan, yaitu audit energi makro dan audit energi rinci. Proses produksi kopi bubuk “Kopi Banaran” meliputi tahapan persiapan biji kopi, penyangraian dan pendinginan, resting, penggilingan, dan pengemasan produk. Hasil audit energi makro selama 7 hari operasional pada periode 2 – 10 Mei 2024, menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi energi total untuk mengolah biji kopi sejumlah 588 kg menjadi kopi bubuk adalah sebesar 1940,86 MJ, yang dipenuhi dari energi bahan bakar gas LPG sebesar 1206,45 MJ (62,16%), energi listrik 634,61 MJ (32,7%) dan energi biologis manusia 99,81 MJ (5,14%). Energi spesifik untuk mengolah biji kopi menjadi kopi bubuk adalah 4,08 MJ/kg biji kopi. Tahapan proses yang menggunakan energi paling banyak adalah penyangraian yaitu 2,3 MJ/kg biji kopi (56,37%), sedangkan penggunaan energi paling sedikit ada pada tahapan resting yaitu 0,0005 MJ/kg biji kopi (0,01%). Hasil audit energi rinci menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi penggunaan energi panas pada mesin penyangrai adalah 17,5%, efisiensi penggunaan energi pada mesin penggiling besar adalah 78,34 % dan mesin penggiling kecil 77,35%. Pengoperasian mesin dengan lebih baik akan menghemat konsumsi energi sebesar 10,76% pada mesin penyangrai dan 6,57% pada continuous band sealer. Selain itu, mematikan perangkat penunjang (lampu, kipas angin, dan blower) segera setelah proses produksi selesai dapat menghemat penggunaan energi sebesar 17,36%. Kemampuan operator dalam memperkirakan konsumsi bahan bakar gas dapat menghemat penggunaan energi sebesar 5,91%.
       
      Ground coffee is the most popular processed coffee bean product. Due to high competition in the coffee processing business, the ground coffee producer should takes an effort to reduce production costs through energy costs in order to make their product more competitive in the market. This study aims to conduct an energy audit of the ground coffee production process in "Kopi Banaran" factory, conducting analysis of energy requirements to produce ground coffee, and identify inefficient energy usages. The energy audit was conducted in two stages, namely macro energy audit and detailed energy audit. Results of the study shows that the production process of "Kopi Banaran" ground coffee includes the stages of coffee bean preparation, roasting, cooling, resting, grinding, and product packaging. Investigation in 7 operational days in the period of May 2 - 10, 2024, shows that the total energy consumption for processing 588 kg of coffee beans into ground coffee was 1940.86 MJ, which was supplied by LPG fuel gas energy of 1206.45 MJ (62.16%), electrical energy of 634.61 MJ (32.7%) and human biological energy of 99.81 MJ (5.14%). The specific energy to process coffee beans into ground coffee is 4.08 MJ/kg coffee beans. Roasting is the processing stage which was consume highest energy (2.3 MJ/kg coffee beans or 56.37% of the total energy required). Whereas the lowest energy consumer is the resting stage, which was consume 0.0005 MJ/kg coffee beans or 0.01% of the totally energy required. Results of detailed energy audit shows that the efficiency of thermal energy in the roasting process was 17.5%, the efficiency of energy usages in the large grinding machine was 78.34% and the small grinding machine was 77.35%. Energy consumption will be saving around 10.76% on the roaster and 6.57% on the continuous band sealer, by improving those machines operation. Meanwhile, turning off supporting devices (lights, fans, and blowers) immediately after the production process complete will be saving energy around 17.36%. The operator's capability on estimating fuel gas consumption also can save energy usage by 5.91%
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/156957
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      • UT - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3592]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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