Karakterisasi Biopelet dari Campuran Ampas Kopi Arabika dan Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Jati Hasil Torefaksi
Abstract
Limbah ampas kopi arabika dan serbuk gergaji kayu jati memiliki potensi
untuk dijadikan substitusi energi yang bersifat keberlanjutan. Salah satu
pemanfaatannya adalah dengan menjadikan biopelet yang ditingkatkan mutunya
melalui proses torefaksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakterisasi
biopelet hasil torefaksi pre-treatment (A) dan post-treatment (B). Biopelet dibuat
dengan menggunakan pelletizer tipe flat dies dengan formulasi bahan baku 1:1
(perekat 5%), dan pemrosesan torefaksi menggunakan suhu 220 oC (A1 dan B1),
250 oC (A2 dan B2), dan 280 oC (A3 dan B3). Kondisi pre-treatment merupakan
torefaksi bahan baku mentah, sementara post-treatment merupakan torefaksi
biopelet. Pengujian fisiokimia biopelet mengacu pada SNI 8675-2018 yang
mencakup kerapatan, kadar air, kadar zat terbang, kadar abu, kadar karbon terikat,
nilai kalor. Pengujian fisik mencakup dimensi, ketahanan, dan hidrofobisitas.
Formulasi terbaik pada tiap parameter dicapai oleh perlakuan A3 dengan nilai
kerapatan 0,46 g/cm3
, kadar air 3,32%, kadar zat terbang 44,7%, kadar abu 4,75%,
kadar karbon terikat 50,55%, dan nilai kalor 25,96 MJ/kg dan perlakuan B3 dengan
nilai kerapatan 0,34 g/cm3
, kadar air 3,11%, kadar zat terbang 39,04%, kadar abu
6,97%, kadar karbon terikat 53,98%, dan nilai kalor 25,12 MJ/kg. The potential of Arabica coffee grounds and teak sawdust waste as
sustainable energy substitutes by converting them into bio-pellets enhanced through
torrefaction. The research focuses on characterizing bio-pellets from pre-treatment
(raw material torrefaction) and post-treatment (bio-pellet torrefaction). Using a flat
die pelletizer, the bio-pellets were produced with a 1:1 raw material ratio (5%
adhesive) and torrefied at 220°C, 250°C, and 280°C. The bio-pellets'
physicochemical properties, including density, moisture content, volatile matter
content, ash content, fixed carbon content, and calorific value, were evaluated
according to SNI 8675:2018 standards. Physical properties such as dimensions,
durability, and hydrophobicity were also assessed. The optimal formulations were
A3, with a density of 0,46 g/cm³, moisture content of 3,32%, volatile matter content
of 44,7%, ash content of 4,75%, fixed carbon content of 50,55%, and a calorific
value of 25,96 MJ/kg, and B3, with a density of 0,34 g/cm³, moisture content of
3,11%, volatile matter content of 39,04%, ash content of 6,97%, fixed carbon
content of 53,98%, and a calorific value of 25,12 MJ/kg