Upaya Peningkatan Frekuensi Molting pada Usaha Budidaya Kepiting Bakau Soka Sistem Apartemen

Abstract

Upaya meningkatkan frekuensi molting pada budidaya kepiting soka (soft carapace, cangkang lunak) dalam sistem apartemen sudah banyak dilakukan dan perlu terus dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perlakuan autotomi dan pemberian bayam terhadap kinerja produksi dan kinerja usaha kepiting soka pada sistem apartemen RAS (recirculated aquaculture system). Penelitian ini mengunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas tiga perlakuan, yaitu kontrol (PK), autotomi (PA), dan pemberian bayam melalui pakan (PB). Setiap perlakuan penelitian diulang empat kali, dan setiap ulangan terdiri atas 10 boks (32 x 39 x 14 cm) yang masing-masing berisi satu ekor kepiting bakau berukuran 50-90 g, sehingga diperlukan sebanyak 120 ekor. Perlakuan autotomi dilakukan dengan menekan bagian ujung pangkal kaki jalan dan capit kepiting bakau dengan penjepit, sehingga kepiting menanggalkan kaki jalan dan capit tersebut. Perlakuan pemberian bayam (Amaranthus hybridus) dilakukan melalui pakan buatan berbahan dasar ikan selar kuning (Selaroides leptolepis). Ikan selar kuning dan bayam raja dihaluskan, kemudian ditambahkan tepung tapioka sebagai binder, lalu dibentuk seperti bakso dan direbus. Perlakuan kontrol merupakan kepiting tanpa perlakuan dengan pakan ikan rucah. Pemberian pakan dilakukan setiap pukul 17.00 WIB, sebanyak 5% dari biomassa kepiting. Parameter yang diamati selama pemeliharaan terdiri dari kinerja produksi (persentase molting, waktu dan jumlah molting, tingkat kelangsungan hidup, pertambahan bobot, rasio konversi pakan dan fisika kimia air (suhu, salinitas, pH, oksigen terlarut (DO), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN)). dan kinerja usaha (harga pokok produksi, penerimaan, biaya total, revenue/cost ratio (RC), keuntungan, break event point (BEP), payback period (PP)). Perlakuan autotomi mampu memberikan presentase molting, dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup yang paling tinggi di antara semua perlakuan dengan nilai masing-masing mencapai 96,67% dan 96,67%, serta kinerja usaha kepiting soka yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol dan perlakuan pemberian bayam.

Efforts to increase the frequency of molting in soft carapace (soft shell) crab cultivation in apartment systems have been widely carried out and need to continue to be developed. This research aims to analyze autotomy treatment and giving spinach on the production performance and business performance of soft shell crabs in the RAS (recirculated aquaculture system) apartment system. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three treatments, namely control (PK), autotomy (PA), and giving spinach through feed (PB). Each research treatment was repeated four times, and each replication consisted of 10 boxes (32 x 39 x 14 cm) each containing one mud crab measuring 50-90 g, so 120 individuals were needed. Autotomy treatment is carried out by pressing the tip of the base of the mud crab's walking legs and claws with tweezers, so that the crab removes the walking legs and claws. The treatment with spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) was carried out using artificial feed made from yellow trevally (Selaroides leptolepis). The yellow trevally and king spinach are mashed, then tapioca flour is added as a binder, then shaped like meatballs and boiled. The control treatment was crab without treatment with trash fish feed. Feeding is carried out every 17.00 WIB, as much as 5% of the crab biomass. Parameters observed during rearing consisted of production performance (molting percentage, time and number of moltings, survival rate, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and water physics (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN )). and business performance (cost of production, revenue, total costs, revenue/cost ratio (RC), profit, break event point (BEP), payback period (PP)). Autotomy treatment is able to provide molting percentage, and survival rate The highest survival rate among all treatments with values ​​reaching 96.67% and 96.67% respectively, as well as better business performance for soft shell crabs compared to the control treatment and the spinach treatment.