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      Sintesis Surfaktan Alkanolamida (FADEA) dari Minyak Kelapa dan Dietanolamina Berbantuan Mikrogelombang

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Sari, Sisca Atikah
      Khotib, Mohammad
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      Abstract
      Surfaktan FADEA (Fatty Acid Diethanolamide) merupakan surfaktan nonionik yang diperoleh dari reaksi amidasi dengan proses pemanasan konvensional. Dalam penelitian ini, FADEA diperoleh dari minyak kelapa serta dietanolamina dengan perlakuan mikrogelombang sebab dinilai lebih aman, memiliki homogenitas suhu tinggi, pemanasan selektif, dan mempercepat waktu reaksi. Surfaktan FADEA berhasil terbentuk pada perbandingan 1:1, 1:2, dan 1:3 (b/b) waktu reaksi 15–25 menit dengan daya medium (60%P). Hasil spektrum FTIR menunjukkan FADEA telah terbentuk, namun masih belum terkonversi secara optimal karena masih terdapat puncak trigliserida dan dietanolamina. Karakteristik kimia, seperti nilai pH dan ALB (Asam Lemak Bebas) dari 6 produk FADEA telah memenuhi spesifikasi. Namun, DEA bebas dan total amida tidak memenuhi spesifikasi. Dari penelitian ini, surfaktan FADEA pada perbandingan 1:3 dalam waktu 25 menit memiliki karakteristik dan kinerja terbaik. Surfaktan FADEA mampu menurunkan tegangan permukaan air dari 70,9 dyne/cm menjadi 24–29 dyne/cm. Stabilitas busa semakin tinggi dengan meningkatnya perbandingan massa dan waktu reaksi, sebesar >87%.
       
      FADEA surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant obtained from an amidation reaction with a conventional heating process. In this study, FADEA was obtained from coconut oil and diethanolamine with microwaves treatment because it is considered safer, has high-temperature homogeneity, selective heating, and speeds up reaction time. FADEA surfactant was successfully formed at a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 w/w in a reaction time of 15–25 minutes at medium power (60%P). The results of the FTIR spectrum showed that FADEA has been formed, but hadn’t optimally converted because there were still triglyceride and diethanolamine peaks. Chemical characteristics, such as pH and ALB values of 6 products that fulfilled the specifications. However, free DEA and total amide values didn’t fulfil the specifications. From this study, FADEA surfactant at ratio of 1:3 in 25 minutes had the best characteristics and performance. FADEA surfactant is able to reduce the surface tension of water from 70,9 dyne/cm to 24–29 dyne/cm. Foam stability was higher with increasing mass ratio and reaction time, by >87%.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/116932
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      • UT - Chemistry [2301]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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