Kinerja Produksi Pendederan Lobster Pasir Panulirus homarus Stadia Puerulus dalam Karamba Tenggelam dengan Bentuk Berbeda

Abstract

Budidaya lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) dihadapkan kepada tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan yang rendah, salah satunya disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan dan bentuk wadah. Wadah berbentuk bulat lazim digunakan dalam budidaya lobster di Vietnam yang memiliki kinerja produksi tinggi, sementara di Indonesia wadah yang lazim digunakan berbentuk kubus. Wadah tersebut tidak memiliki sudut mati atau dead area sehingga dapat menyesuaikan tingkah laku berenang mundur lobster. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan bentuk wadah silinder dan kubus terhadap kinerja produksi pendederan lobster pasir di KJA. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Saibatin, Pesawaran, Lampung. Lobster yang berasal dari Pesisir Barat Krui, Lampung memiliki bobot rata-rata 0,26±0,01 g dan panjang rata-rata 2,19±0,1 cm. Sebagai perlakuan, benih lobster dipelihara dalam karamba jaring tenggelam (KJTe) berbahan pipa PVC dan waring dengan mesh size 4 mm berbentuk kubus berukuran 606060 cm3 dan silinder berdiameter 68 cm dan tinggi 60 cm. Lobster dipelihara dengan kepadatan 92 ekor/m3 atau sebanyak 20 ekor tiap karamba selama 40 hari dan diberi pakan berupa ikan rucah sekali sehari pada 17:00 WIB sebanyak 10% dari biomassanya. Lobster dipelihara selama 40 hari dan dilakukan pengukuran parameter berupa tingkat kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan mutlak bobot, laju pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, laju pertumbuhan bobot spesifik, laju pertumbuhan spesifik panjang, tingkah laku, jumlah molting, serta rasio konversi pakan. Suhu, pH, dan oksigen terlarut, salinitas, amonia, nitrit, dan nitrat yang diukur selama penelitian berada pada kisaran optimum untuk lobster. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendederan lobster pasir dalam karamba tenggelam berbentuk silinder menghasilkan kinerja produksi yang lebih baik dibanding karamba tenggelam berbentuk kubus.

The cultivation of sand lobster (Panulirus homarus) is faced with low survival and growth rates, one of which is caused by environmental factors and container shape. Round-shaped containers are commonly used in lobster farming in Vietnam which has high production performance, while in Indonesia the commonly used containers are cube-shaped. The container does not have a dead angle or dead area so that it can adjust the behavior of swimming backwards lobsters. This study aims to analyze the effect of the use of cylindrical and cube container shapes on the production performance of sand lobster deriving in KJA. This research was conducted at PT. Saibatin, Pesawaran, Lampung. Lobsters originating from the West Coast of Krui, Lampung have an average weight of 0.26±0.01 g and an average length of 2.19±0.1 cm. As a treatment, lobster fry are kept in a sinking net cage (KJTe) made of PVC and waring pipes with a mesh size of 4 mm in the form of a cube measuring 606060 cm3 and a cylinder with a diameter of 68 cm and a height of 60 cm. Lobsters are kept with a density of 92 heads / m3 or as many as 20 heads per caramba for 40 days and are fed in the form of trash fish once a day at 17:00 WIB as much as 10% of their biomass. Lobsters are kept for 40 days and parameters are measured in the form of survival rate, absolute growth rate of weight, absolute growth rate of length, weight-specific growth rate, length specific growth rate, behavior, number of molting, and feed conversion ratio. The temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen, salinity, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate measured during the study were in the optimum range for lobsters. The results of this study showed that sand lobster fishing in cylindrical sinking cage produced better production performance than cube-shaped sinking cage.