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      Pengaruh Jenis Bahan Pengisi dan Posisi Kemasan terhadap Kerusakan Fisik pada Tomat Ceri selama Transportasi Darat

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Maimunah, Linda
      Ahmad, Usman
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      Abstract
      Tomat ceri memiliki harga jual yang tinggi namun juga mudah rusak sehingga membutuhkan penanganan pascapanen yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan bahan pengisi kemasan untuk transportasi tomat ceri serta mengidentifikasi perubahan mutu tomat ceri setelah transportasi. Kemasan yang digunakan adalah keranjang plastik yang diisi dengan 7 kg tomat ceri fase pink dan light red. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu kemasan dengan bahan pengisi kertas, bahan pengisi daun pisang, dan tanpa pengisi yang masing-masing ditumpuk sebanyak 3 tumpukan. Semua perlakuan dilakukan simulasi transportasi dengan frekuensi 3,8 Hz dan amplitudo 4,1 cm selama 90 menit. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengamatan mutu tomat ceri pada hari ke-0, ke-2, dan ke-4 pada 6 sampel dari tiap perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemasan dengan bahan pengisi kertas memiliki kerusakan mekanis terkecil yaitu sebesar 26,48% pada tumpukan atas, 22,08% pada tumpukan tengah, dan 12,33% pada tumpukan bawah. Perubahan kekerasan tomat setelah simulasi transportasi paling stabil yaitu pada kemasan dengan bahan pengisi daun pisang berturut-turut di tumpukan atas, tengah, dan bawah sebesar 11,14 N, 11,33 N, dan 11,27 N. Parameter susut bobot, total padatan terlarut, dan nilai warna a mengalami kenaikan setelah simulasi transportasi, sedangkan parameter nilai warna L dan nilai warna b mengalami penurunan.
       
      Cherry tomatoes have a high selling price but are also easily damaged, so they require good post-harvest handling. This study aims to determine packaging fillers for transportation of cherry tomatoes and to identify changes in the quality of cherry tomatoes after transportation. The packaging used was a plastic basket filled with 7 kg of pink and light red phase cherry tomatoes. The treatment used was packaging with paper filler, banana leaf filler, and without filler, each of which was stacked in 3 stacks. All treatments were carried out by simulating transportation with a frequency of 3.8 Hz and an amplitude of 4.1 cm for 90 minutes. Furthermore, the quality of cherry tomatoes was observed on the 0th, 2nd and 4th day on 6 samples taken for each treatment. The results showed that paper-filled packaging had the smallest mechanical damage, namely 26.48% for the top pile, 22.08% for the middle pile, and 12.33% for the bottom pile. The most stable change in tomato hardness after transportation simulation was in the packaging with banana leaf fillers in the top, middle, and bottom piles of 11.14 N, 11.33 N, and 11.27 N. Parameters of weight loss, total solids dissolved, and the redness increased after the transportation simulation, while the lightness and the yellowness decreased.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/116755
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      • UT - Agricultural and Bio-system Engineering [2252]

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