Karakterisasi Gen DGAT1 sebagai Kandidat Gen untuk Perbaikan Kualitas dan Gizi Daging Domba Indonesia

Abstract

Kualitas daging domba premium melalui peningkatan nilai gizi yang terkandung dalam daging melalui potensi gen diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keragaman gen DGAT1 pada SNP g.8539 C>T serta kaitannya dengan perbaikan kualitas dan gizi (flavour dan odour, asam lemak, kolesterol, mineral, dan karakteristik karkas) daging domba Indonesia. Total sampel domba yang digunakan keragaman gen DGAT1 254 sampel berumur 10–12 bulan dengan jenis kelamin jantan yang terdiri dari domba ekor gemuk (DEG) (n=20), domba ekor tipis (DET) (n=107), domba komposit garut (DKG) (n=10), domba compass agrinak (DCA) (n=10), domba barbados cross (DBC) (n=10), domba garut (DG) (n=20), domba jonggol (DJ) (n=27) dan domba lokal jambi (DLJ) (n=50). 100 sampel digunakan untuk asosiasi gen DGAT1 terhadap flavour dan odour, asam lemak, kolesterol, mineral, dan karakteristik karkas. Identifikasi keragaman DGAT1|ALuI dianalisis dengan metode PCR-RFLP. Hasil keragaman gen DGAT1 bersifat polimorfik dalam DET, DG, dan DEG, sedangkan DCA, DBC, DLJ, dan DKG bersifat monomorfik. Dua genotipe CC, dan CT ditemukan dalam DET, DG, dan DEG. Titik mutasi gen DGAT1 berasosiasi (P<0.05) pada flavour dan odour, asam lemak sedangkan titik mutasi gen DGAT1 tidak berasosiasi (P>0.05) pada kolesterol, mineral, dan karakteristik karkas. Gen DGAT1 memiliki kontribusi dalam flavour dan odour yaitu pada senyawa 4-Ethyloctanoic acid (EOA) serta pada konten lemak, asam palmitoleat, dan asam heptadekanoat

The quality of premium sheep meat through improving the nutritional value contained in the meat through the potential gene diacylglycerol acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1). This study aims to identify the diversity of the DGAT1 gene with SNP g.8539 C>T access number EU178818 and its relationship to the quality and nutritional value (mineral, cholesterol, flavour and odour, fatty acids, and carcass characteristics) of Indonesian sheep. A total of 254 samples and ages 10-12 months, consisted of javanese fat-tail sheep (JFTS) (n=20), javanese thin-tail sheep (JTTS) (n=107), garut composite sheep (GCS) (n=10), compass agrinak sheep (CAS) (n=10), barbados cross sheep (BCS) (n=10), garut sheep (GS) (n=20), jonggol sheep (JS) (n=27), and jambi local sheep (JLS) (n=50). 100 samples use association DGAT1 gene with mineral, cholesterol, flavour and odour, fatty acid, and characteristic carcass. The diversity of DGAT|AluI were analyzed with PCR-RFLP method. DGAT1 gene were polymorphic in JTTS, GS, and JFTS, and monomorphic in CAS, BCS, JLS, and GCS sheep population. Two type genotypes CC and CT were found in JTTS, GS, and JFTS. SNP g.8539 C>T in DGAT was associated to flavour and odour (P<0.05), and fatty acid, but it was not associated to cholesterol, mineral, and characteristic carcass. DGAT1 gene has contribution to level of flavour and odour through stimulate 4-Ethyloctanoic acid (EOA) molecules and fat content, palmitoleac acid, and heptadecanoat acid.