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      Uji kinerja reaktor biodiesel dengan pengaduk tipe turbin bertingkat

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Rozan, Muhammad
      Wulandani, Dyah
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      Abstract
      Reaktor biodiesel merupakan salah satu penentu dalam proses memproduksi biodiesel. Agar reaksi dapat terjadi secara sempurna, maka pengadukan menjadi faktor yang sangat penting dalam reaktor biodiesel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji performansi reaktor tipe batch dengan berpengaduk turbin bertingkat dengan bahan baku minyak jelantah dan metanol. Pengujian reaktor untuk membuat biodiesel dilakukan pada 5 tingkat kecepatan putar pengaduk, yaitu 50 RPM, 200 RPM, 400 RPM, 500 RPM, dan 900 RPM. Suhu reaksi dipertahankan pada 60°C selama 60 menit. Parameter yang diukur adalah daya motor yang dibutuhkan reaktor dan karateristik biodiesel berupa densitas, gliserol total, bilangan asam, angka penyabunan dan kadar metil ester. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kecepatan putar 50 RPM dan 900 RPM tidak membentuk biodiesel. Sedangkan pada perlakuan 200 RPM, 400 RPM dan 500 RPM dihasilkan biodiesel dengan karakteristik yang telah memenuhi SNI biodiesel. Perlakuan 200 RPM memiliki rendemen terbesar (88%) dan daya motor terkecil (489 W). Perlakuan 500 RPM menghasilkan kadar metil ester terbesar, yakni 98.9 %, namun memiliki rendemen terkecil (83%) dan daya terbesar (514 W). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka perlakuan 200 RPM direkomendasikan sebagai perlakuan terbaik pada reaktor biodiesel dengan pengaduk tipe turbin bertingkat.
       
      The biodiesel reactor is one of the determinants in the process of producing biodiesel. In order for the reaction to occur completely, stirring is a very important factor in a biodiesel reactor. This study aims to test the performance of a batch reactor with a stirred multistage turbine with used cooking oil and methanol as raw materials. Testing of the reactor for making biodiesel was carried out at 5 levels of stirrer rotational speed, namely 50 RPM, 200 RPM, 400 RPM, 500 RPM, and 900 RPM. The reaction temperature was maintained at 60°C for 60 min. The parameters measured were the motor power required by the reactor and the biodiesel characteristics in the form of density, total glycerol, acid number, saponification number and methyl ester content. The results showed that the 50 RPM and 900 RPM rotational speeds did not form biodiesel. While the treatment of 200 RPM, 400 RPM and 500 RPM produced biodiesel with characteristics that have met SNI biodiesel. The 200 RPM treatment had the largest yield (88%) and the smallest motor power (489 W). The 500 RPM treatment produced the highest methyl ester content, which was 98.9%, but had the smallest yield (83%) and the largest power (514 W). Based on these results, the 200 RPM treatment is recommended as the best treatment for a biodiesel reactor with a multistage turbine type stirrer.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/114934
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      • UT - Agricultural and Bio-system Engineering [2163]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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