Pengaruh Suplementasi Biochar Kulit Buah Kakao Terhadap Performa Ayam Kampung (Gallus gallus Domesticus)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi biochar dari kulit buah kakao terhadap performa ayam kampung. Sebanyak 160 ayam Sentul terseleksi sejak umur sehari (DOC) telah dipelihara hingga dipanen pada umur 9 minggu. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu P0 (pakan komersial sebagai kontrol positif), P1 (pakan penelitian tanpa biochar), P2 (pakan penelitian mengandung biochar 1%), dan P3 (pakan penelitian mengandung biochar 2%). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Peubah yang diamati yaitu bobot badan (BB), pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), konsumsi pakan, konversi pakan (FCR), income over feed and chick cost (IOFCC), dan juga mortalitas pada ayam kampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi biochar sebanyak 1% dan 2% pada pakan tidak mempengaruhi performa ayam pada umur 9 minggu. Bobot badan pada penelitian ini memiliki hasil yang berkisar antara 830,00 g-931,70 g, kemudian nilai PBB yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 801,00 g-902,72 g, lalu konsumsi pakan yang dibutuhkan yaitu sebesar 3.788,46 g-3.832,38 g, sehingga nilai FCR berkisar antara 4,10-4,66. Perlakuan P0 memiliki nilai performa dengan hasil yang terbaik pada peubah BB, PBB, konsumsi, dan FCR, akan tetapi nilai IOFCC tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan P2 yaitu pakan penelitian dengan penambahan biochar 1% sebesar Rp2.484,35 per ekor dengan perolehan nilai performa yang mendekati perlakuan kontrol.

This study aimed to examined the effects of biochar from cocoa shell waste as additive on feed concerning to the performances of native chickens. A total of 160 selected Sentul native chickens from the age of one day had been reared until they got harvested at the age of 63 days (9 weeks). This study consisted of 4 treatments, named P0 (commercial feed as positive control), P1 (feed contain non-biochar), P2 (feed contain 1% biochar), and P3 (feed contain 2% biochar). The experiment used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and four designed replications. Measurement of the observed variables were included body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion rate (FCR), income over feed and chick cost (IOFCC), and also mortality percentage of native chickens. The results of this study indicated that the supplementation of 1% and 2% bio-charcoal in feed didn’t affected the chicken performances by the age of 63 days (9 weeks). The body weight in this research had resulted the range between 830.00 g-931.70 g, then body weight gain resulted the range between 801.00 g-902.72 g, then the feed consumption needed was ranged between 3,788.46 g-3,832.38 g, so the feed conversion rate resulted the range between 4.10-4.66. The treatment of P0 had the best performance result on the body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion rate variable, while the highest IOFCC value was resulted by the treatment of feeding with 1% biochar, which was Rp2,484.35 per head with the performance value approached the control treatment value.