Manfaat Sosial Ekonomi dan Lingkungan serta Partisipasi Nasabah Bank Sampah saat Pandemi COVID-19. (Studi Kasus: Bank Sampah Rangga Mekar, Kecamatan Bogor Selatan, Kota Bogor)
Abstract
Penetapan kebijakan PSBB di Kota Bogor telah menyebabkan aktivitas
masyarakat lebih banyak dilakukan dari rumah. Dampaknya, timbulan sampah
yang berasal dari aktivitas rumah tangga mengalami peningkatan. Oleh karena itu
diperlukan peran pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga seperti bank sampah. Salah
satu bank sampah yang tetap aktif saat Pandemi COVID-19 adalah Bank Sampah
Rangga Mekar. Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis tingkat partisipasi
nasabah bank sampah terhadap pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga, (2)
menganalisis manfaat sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan atas keberadaan bank
sampah, dan (3) menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi partisipasi nasabah dalam
menabung sampah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif
kuantitatif dan analisis regresi Poisson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa
secara umum tingkat partisipasi nasabah lama dalam pengelolaan sampah rumah
tangga tergolong sedang sedangkan nasabah baru masih rendah. Manfaat sosial
yaitu penyerapan tenaga kerja, meningkatnya interaksi antar warga, peningkatan
soft skill pengurus bank sampah dan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui kegiatan
urban farming. Manfaat ekonomi berupa peningkatan jumlah saldo tabungan dan
share pendapatan. Manfaat lingkungan yaitu perbaikan kebersihan dan keindahan
lingkungan. Faktor usia, jarak rumah ke bank sampah, jumlah anggota keluarga
dan ketersediaan waktu luang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap partisipasi nasabah
dalam menabung sampah selama Pandemi COVID-19. The establishment of the PSBB policy in the city of Bogor has caused more
community activities to be carried out from home. As a result, the generation of
waste originating from household activities has increased. Therefore, the role of
household waste management is needed, such as a waste bank. One of the waste
banks that remained active during the COVID-19 pandemic was the Rangga
Mekar Garbage Bank. This study aims to (1) analyze the level of participation of
waste bank customers in household waste management, (2) analyze the social,
economic, and environmental benefits of the existence of a waste bank, and (3)
analyze the factors that influence customer participation in saving waste. This
research uses descriptive quantitative analysis method and Poisson regression
analysis. The results showed that in general the level of participation of old
customers in household waste management was moderate, while new customers
were still low. Social benefits include employment, increased interaction between
residents, increased soft skills of waste bank management and community
empowerment through urban farming activities. Economic benefits in the form of
an increase in the number of savings balances and share of income.
Environmental benefits, namely improving the cleanliness and beauty of the
environment. Age factors, distance from house to waste bank, number of family
members and availability of free time have an influence on customer participation
in saving waste during the COVID-19 pandemic.