Manfaat Sosial Ekonomi dan Lingkungan serta Partisipasi Nasabah Bank Sampah saat Pandemi COVID-19. (Studi Kasus: Bank Sampah Rangga Mekar, Kecamatan Bogor Selatan, Kota Bogor)

Abstract

Penetapan kebijakan PSBB di Kota Bogor telah menyebabkan aktivitas masyarakat lebih banyak dilakukan dari rumah. Dampaknya, timbulan sampah yang berasal dari aktivitas rumah tangga mengalami peningkatan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan peran pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga seperti bank sampah. Salah satu bank sampah yang tetap aktif saat Pandemi COVID-19 adalah Bank Sampah Rangga Mekar. Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis tingkat partisipasi nasabah bank sampah terhadap pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga, (2) menganalisis manfaat sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan atas keberadaan bank sampah, dan (3) menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi partisipasi nasabah dalam menabung sampah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan analisis regresi Poisson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum tingkat partisipasi nasabah lama dalam pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga tergolong sedang sedangkan nasabah baru masih rendah. Manfaat sosial yaitu penyerapan tenaga kerja, meningkatnya interaksi antar warga, peningkatan soft skill pengurus bank sampah dan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui kegiatan urban farming. Manfaat ekonomi berupa peningkatan jumlah saldo tabungan dan share pendapatan. Manfaat lingkungan yaitu perbaikan kebersihan dan keindahan lingkungan. Faktor usia, jarak rumah ke bank sampah, jumlah anggota keluarga dan ketersediaan waktu luang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap partisipasi nasabah dalam menabung sampah selama Pandemi COVID-19.

The establishment of the PSBB policy in the city of Bogor has caused more community activities to be carried out from home. As a result, the generation of waste originating from household activities has increased. Therefore, the role of household waste management is needed, such as a waste bank. One of the waste banks that remained active during the COVID-19 pandemic was the Rangga Mekar Garbage Bank. This study aims to (1) analyze the level of participation of waste bank customers in household waste management, (2) analyze the social, economic, and environmental benefits of the existence of a waste bank, and (3) analyze the factors that influence customer participation in saving waste. This research uses descriptive quantitative analysis method and Poisson regression analysis. The results showed that in general the level of participation of old customers in household waste management was moderate, while new customers were still low. Social benefits include employment, increased interaction between residents, increased soft skills of waste bank management and community empowerment through urban farming activities. Economic benefits in the form of an increase in the number of savings balances and share of income. Environmental benefits, namely improving the cleanliness and beauty of the environment. Age factors, distance from house to waste bank, number of family members and availability of free time have an influence on customer participation in saving waste during the COVID-19 pandemic.