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      Studi Komparatif Penggunaan Katalis Homogen NaOH dengan Katalis Heterogen berbasis CaO terhadap Hasil Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Saputra, Reza Mahardika
      Wulandani, Dyah
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      Abstract
      Produksi biodiesel melalui proses transesterifikasi dapat dilakukan melalui proses katalitik maupun non-katalitik. Metode transesterifikasi katalitik dapat dibagi menjadi dua yaitu dengan menggunakan katalis homogen dan katalis heterogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pengaruh penggunaan katalis homogen NaOH dan heterogen berbasis CaO, mengetahui kondisi terbaik masingmasing katalis, serta menganalisis keekonomian dari penggunaan katalis homogen NaOH dan heterogen berbasis CaO terhadap hasil biodiesel dari minyak jelantah. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode studi literatur. Berdasarkan analisis pembobotan didapatkan variasi variabel terbaik dari penggunaan katalis homogen NaOH yaitu pada rasio molar minyak dan metanol 1:2, jumlah katalis 0,5%, reaksi pada suhu 50-60 oC selama 1 jam menghasilkan yield biodiesel sebanyak 99,59 %. Sedangkan pada penggunaan katalis heterogen berbasis CaO adalah dengan jenis katalis CaO komersil+SrO. Perbandingan rasio molar minyak/metanol 1:3, jumlah katalis 4 % dengan menggunakan metode batch dengan bantuan microwave daya 100 watt selama 0,0333 jam, menghasikan yield biodiesel 92,86 %. Harga pokok produksi untuk memproduksi biodiesel 100 liter per hari diperoleh pada penggunaan perlakuan terbaik katalis NaOH sebesar Rp. 5296,57/liter. Sedangkan pada katalis berbasis CaO diperoleh sebesar Rp. 5960,76 /liter.
       
      Catalytical or non-catalytical techniques can be used to produce biodiesel during the transesterification process. The method of catalytic transesterification can be split into two types: homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The purpose of this research is first, to compare the effects of homogeneous catalyst of NaOH and heterogeneous catalysts based on CaO to biodiesel yields from used cooking oil; second, to determine the best conditions for each catalyst, and third, to analyze the economics of using both catalysts. This research uses the literature study method. Base on the scoring analysis, the research obtained that the best variation of variables of homogenous NaOH catalyst was at a parameter of 1:2 molar ratio of oil and methanol. The amount of catalyst was 0.53%, and the reaction at a temperature of 50-60 oC for 1 hour produced biodiesel yield of 99.59%. While the using of heterogeneous catalysts base on CaO was the type of commercial CaO + SrO catalyst. The molar ratio of oil to methanol was 1:3, the amount of catalyst was 4% using the batch method with the help of a microwave power of 100 watts during 0.0333 hours produced 92.86% biodiesel yield. The cost of biodiesel production for 100 liters/day which obtained at the best treatment of NaOH catalyst was Rp. 5296.57/liter and the use of CaO-based catalyst was Rp. 5960.76/liter.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/110760
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      • UT - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3593]

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