Hubungan Polimorfisme Gen Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD|HinfI) dengan Kualitas Daging dan Sifat Pertumbuhan pada Sapi Bali

Abstract

Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) is Indonesian native cattle which is the result of domestication of banteng. The Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase gene contributes to the regulation of fatty acids and is associated with carcass quality in Bali cattle. The SCD gene in cattle has a sequence length of 17.088 bp and is located on chromosome 26 consisting of six exons and five introns. This study was aimed to obtain the genetic diversity of the SCD|HinfI gene in beef cattle and its association with meat quality and production traits. A total of 133 blood samples were used in this study. Blood samples of 52 bali cattle were obtained from BPTU Bali Cattle Denpasar, Bali Province. In comparison, other beef cattle were used in this study i.e. Belgian-blue (n=30 cattle) and Limousin (n=14 cattle) from BPTU-HPT Padang Mangatas, Peranakan Ongole (PO) (n=30 cattle) from Village Breeding Center (VBC) Kebumen, and Wagyu (n=7 cattle) from BET Cipelang, respectively. The polymorphism of the SCD|HinfI gene was analyzed using PCR-RFLP technique. The meat characteristics in Bali cattle were analysed using ultrasonography imaging. Genotypic and allelic frequencies, heterozygosity, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were analyzed using PopGen 1.32 program. The association between SCD gene SNP and meat quality and production traits was analyzed using a t-test. The SNP g.10428C>T was successfully amplified at 51 oC annealing temperature for 15 seconds with a PCR product length of 569 bp. There was homozygous genotype (CC and TT) and heterozygous genotype (CT) of SCD|HinfI gene was found in Bali cattle population with allele frequencies of 0,26 and 0,74, for C and T, respectively. In comparison, in other beef cattle (Belgian Belgian-blue, Limousin, PO, and Wagyu) only CC genotype was found with the C allele frequency of 1,00. The heterozygosity values of expectations (Ho) and observations (He) were 0,44 and 0,39, respectively. The allele frequency SCD|HinfI of Bali cattle was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The SCD gene was associated with backfat thickness marbling score,and percentage of intramuscular fat, but was not associated with growth traits. Thus the SNP g.10428C>T gen SCD could be considered as marker candidate for improving meat quality of Bali cattle.