Resiliensi Komunitas Miskin di Pedesaan Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19

Abstract

Pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi sejak awal tahun 2020 sampai saat ini memberikan dampak buruk bagi kesehatan, sosial, dan ekonomi. Menghadapi gangguan akibat bencana ini komunitas harus mampu beradaptasi agar dapat bertahan hidup, terutama komunitas miskin yang merupakan kelompok rentan. Komunitas miskin merupakan komunitas yang tidak berdaya serta memiliki keterbatasan ekonomi. Ancaman besar akibat pandemi ini ialah akan meningkatkan kemiskinan akibat guncangan ekonomi dan pembatasan aktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini akan mengkaji ketahanan komunitas miskin di pedesaan menghadapi pandemi yang ditinjau melalui kapasitas adaptasi dan tindakan kolektif komunitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei menggunakan instrumen kuesioner, observasi, dan wawancara mendalam. Pemilihan responden menggunakan teknik sample random sampling dan didapatkan sample sebanyak 40 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan komunitas miskin di pedesaan tidak terbangun karena komunitas tidak mampu beradaptasi dalam menghadapi pandemi dan tidak adanya upaya kolektif yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan bersama selama pandemi. Komunitas cenderung mengandalkan bantuan dan dukungan eksternal dari pihak luar komunitas untuk bertahan menghadapi pandemi Covid-19.

The Covid-19 pandemic that has occurred since the beginning of 2020 until now has had a negative impact on health, social and economy. Facing the disruption caused by this disaster, the community must be able to adapt in order to survive, especially the poor who are a vulnerable group. The poor community is a community that is powerless and has economic limitations. The big threat due to this pandemic is to increase poverty due to economic shocks and restrictions on activities. The purpose of this research is to examine the resilience of rural poor communities to face pandemics in terms of adaptive capacity and community collective action. The method used is a survey using a questionnaire instrument, observation, and indepth interviews. Selection of respondents using a random sampling technique and obtained a sample of 40 respondents. The results showed that the resilience of poor rural communities was not developed because the community was unable to adapt to the pandemic and there was no collective effort to overcome common problems during the pandemic. Communities tend to rely on external assistance and support from outside the community to survive the Covid-19 pandemic